율곡의 사상에서 윤리의 주체성 문제 고찰 ― 인심도심 이론에 근거하여 ―

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to examine Yulgok's thoughts on the subjectivity of ethics through his In-Sim To-Sim theory. The main discussion was largely composed of two parts. The first is the meaning of terms related to Yulgok's theory of In-Sim To-Sim theory and the relationship between each term. What is important to Yulgok is the distinction between In-Sim and To-Sim, and In-Sim and To-Sim are just the distinctions that come from the process of naming. To-Sim and In-Sim are distinguished by whether the mind originated from morality or the mind from which the body originated. In addition, since there are good things and bad things, In-Sim cannot be regarded as a synonym for In-Yog(人欲). Since Chil-Jeong encompasses both In-Sim and To-Sim, good and evil, it cannot be considered as synonymous with In-Sim and Chil-Jeong(七情). Second, I tried to examine Yulgok's view of good and evil and the structure of his ethical subjectivity. The divergence between good and evil is due to the solicitation of Ki(氣), and the clear Ki is released as good Jeong, and the cloudy Ki is released as evil Jeong. Good and evil can be discussed not in Li(理), but in the level of Ki, and the level of Ki should be discussed in the realm of Jeong or Chil-Jeong, and in a specific real society, it is realized in the realm of In-Sim and To-Sim. In the matter of subjectivity, Yulgok's judgment of good or bad tends to be consequentialist. However, Yulgok's consequentialism is a special consequentialism in that it is based on results to determine the good and bad of motives. In addition, in Yulgok's thoughts, the decisive role of enabling ethical subjectivity is given to Ui(意). In short, the individual's self-conscious discipline ultimately prevents To-Sim from converting into In-Sim and the role of Ui in converting In-Sim into To-Sim is important, and human ethics can be embodied by Ui. And human effort to realize this is positioned as Seong(誠). This is the reason why Seong-Ui(誠意) is very important in Yulgok's thoughts.