중소기업 R&D활동이 고용창출에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 정부R&D지원의 조절효과를 중심으로
Impact of R&D expenditures on SMEs’ employment: The moderating effect of Government R&D funding
0
조회
0
다운로드
22
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구에서는 중소기업 기술혁신개발사업에 참여한 중소기업 211개 기업을 대상으로 기업과 정부의 R&D투자, 정부R&D지원사업 참여경험이 기업의 고용증가율에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 실증적으로 분석하였다. 또한 기업의 R&D투자와 고용증가율간의 관계에서 정부R&D투자규모와 정부R&D지원사업 참여경험이 조절역할을 하는지도 함께 분석하였다. 분석결과 기업의 R&D투자와 정부R&D투자규모는고용증가율에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤으며 정부R&D투자는 기업의 R&D투자와 고용증가율간의 관계에서 조절효과를 나타냈다. 기업의 R&D 투자규모가 큰 기업과 작은 기업으로 나누어 정부R&D투자와 고용증가율간의 관계를 분석한 결과 기업의 R&D투자규모가 큰 기업군에서정부R&D투자가 고용증가율에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 종합하면 중소기업에 대한 정부R&D투자는 고용창출효과를 나타내며 특히 혁신역량이 높은 중소기업에 대한 정부R&D투자가 고용창출에 대한 효과적인 역할을 한다고 설명할 수 있다. 그러므로 정부는 중소기업의 혁신역량에 따라 차별화된 R&D투자 전략을 통해 고용효과를 극대화할 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
This article investigates the impact of SMEs’ R&D expenditure, government R&D funding, the number of funded by Government R&D programs on the employment growth rate. This study also explores whether government R&D funding and the number of funded by Government R&D programs have interaction effects between SMEs’ R&D expenditures and the employment growth rate. The results show that SMEs’ R&D expenditure and government R&D funding have a positive effect on the employment growth rate. The rest of variables have no significant direct effects on the employment growth rate. The government R&D funding has a interaction effect between SMEs’ R&D expenditures and the employment growth rate. Especially, the firm group of high-level innovation capabilities has a positive effect on the employment growth rate. The results explain that the government R&D funding influences SMEs’ employment positively and the impact of the government R&D funding on employment is more effective in the firm group of high-level innovation capabilities. Therefore, Government provides differentiation strategy of R&D funding by innovation capabilities of SMEs and can maximize the employment.
참고문헌 (29)
- Impact of public R&D financing on employment, "Ali-Yrkkö, J.", The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy (ETLA, ~, pp.No. 980 (2005)
- Blanchflower, D. G., "New Technology And Jobs: Comparative Evidence From A Two Country Study", Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 5(2-4), pp.109~138 (1998)
- Bogliacino, F., "The job creation effect of R&D expenditures", Australian Economic Papers, 51(2), pp.96~113 (2012)
- Brouwer, E., "Employment growth and innovation at the firm level", Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 3(2), pp.153~159 (1993)
- Do Innovation Subsidies Crowd Out Private Investment? Evidence from the German Service Sector, "Czarnitzki, D.", Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW), ~, pp.Discussion Paper No.02-04 (2002)
- Labor demand effect of public R&D funding, "Ebersberger, B.", VTT, ~, pp.Working Papers, 9 (2004)
- Entorf, H., "metrics: Surveys and Applications", pp.394~415 (1990), Basil Blackwell
- Greenan, N., "Technological innovation and employment reallocation", Labour, 14(4), pp.547~590 (2000)
- An Analysis of Job Creation of Firm R&D, "Ha, J. K.", The Federation of Korean Industries, ~ (2012)
- Hall, B., "How effective are fiscal incentives for R&D? A review of the evidence", Research Policy, 29(4), pp.449~469 (2000)
- Hall, L. A., "A study of R&D, innovation, and business performance in the Canadian biotechnology industry", Technovation, 22(4), pp.231~244 (2002)
- Katsoulacos, Y., "Product innovation and employment", European Economic Review, 26(1), pp.83~108 (1984)
- Katsoulacos, Y., "The Employment Effects of Technological Change" (1986), Wheatsheaf
- 김호영, "산업기술 R&D 투자의 고용창출효과 분석", 기술혁신학회지, 17(4), pp.651~672 (2014), 한국기술혁신학회
- Klette, J., "Innovation And Job Creation In A Smallopen Economy-Evidence From Norwegian Manufacturing Plants 1982–92", Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 5(2-4), pp.247~272 (1998)
- Lee, B. H., "The Job Creation Effect of Government R&D funding for Small firms", Monthly Labor Review, 88, pp.72~84 (2009)
- Lerner, J., "The government as venture capitalist : the long-run impact of the SBIR program", The Journal of Private Equity, 3(2), pp.55~78 (2000)
- Lichtenberg, F. R., "The effect of government funding on private industrial research and development : a re-assessment", The Journal of industrial economics, 36(1), pp.97~104 (1987)
- 2013 Science and Technology Statistics White Paper, "Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning and KISTEP", ~
- Ministry of Strategy & Finance, "Employment-Popu.ation ratio 70% Roadmap", ~ (2013)
- Piva, M., "Technological change and employment : some micro evidence from Italy", Applied Economics Letters, 11(6), pp.373~376 (2004)
- Rottmann, H., "The Labour Demand and the Innovation Behaviour of Firms : An Empirical Investigation for West German Manufacturing Firms", Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik, 217, pp.741~752 (1998)
- Shin, D. H., "A study on the improvement of job creation by analysis of performance of R&D project. Conference on Technology Innovation and Policy Environment Fall 2014", Conference on Technology Innovation and Policy Environment Fall 2014 (2014), The Korea Technology Innovation Society
- "Small & Medium Business Statistics System"[URL]
- "Development Program Management System"[URL]
- Smolny, W., "Innovations, prices and employment : A theoretical model and an empirical application for West German manufacturing firms", The Journal of Industrial Economics, 46(3), pp.359~381 (1998)
- R&D subsidies and production effects of R&D personnel: evidence from the Flemish region, "Suetens, S.", Antwerp, ~, pp.CESIT Discussion Paper 2002 (2002), 03
- Van Reenen, J., "Employment and technological innovation : evidence from UK manufacturing firms", Journal of labor economics, 15(2), pp.255~284 (1997)
- Wallsten, S. J., "The effects of government-industry R&D programs on private R&D : the case of the Small Business Innovation Research program", The RAND Journal of Economics, 31(1), pp.82~100 (2000)