만성전립선염의 유발 및 악화 인자
Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: What Are the Starting and Worsening Factors?
3
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) in the absence of any identifiable pathology such as cancer, curable infection, or anatomic abnormalities is defined as “urologic pain or discomfort in the pelvic region, associated with urinary symptoms and/or sexual dysfunction, lasting for at least 3 of the previous 6 months”. However, etiologic factors of CP/CPPS remain unknown. The traditional marker of inflammation, namely white blood cells in prostatic fluids, dose not correlate with the predominant symptom of pelvic pain. The role of normal bacterial flora in prostate in inciting the inflammatory response has also been reconsidered. Nanobacterial infection might be an important etiologic factor of type III prostatitis. An imbalance toward increased proinflammatory and decreased anti-inflammatory cytokines has been implicated, and its correlation with pelvic pain has also been observed to some extent. Pelvic pain also correlates with the neurotrophin (nerve growth factor) implicated in neurogenic inflammation and central sensitization. Finally, psychological stress may produce measurable biochemical changes and affect other processes. Here, the author reviewed the existing literature on etiology involved in the mechanisms of CP/CPPS.
Abstract
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) in the absence of any identifiable pathology such as cancer, curable infection, or anatomic abnormalities is defined as “urologic pain or discomfort in the pelvic region, associated with urinary symptoms and/or sexual dysfunction, lasting for at least 3 of the previous 6 months”. However, etiologic factors of CP/CPPS remain unknown. The traditional marker of inflammation, namely white blood cells in prostatic fluids, dose not correlate with the predominant symptom of pelvic pain. The role of normal bacterial flora in prostate in inciting the inflammatory response has also been reconsidered. Nanobacterial infection might be an important etiologic factor of type III prostatitis. An imbalance toward increased proinflammatory and decreased anti-inflammatory cytokines has been implicated, and its correlation with pelvic pain has also been observed to some extent. Pelvic pain also correlates with the neurotrophin (nerve growth factor) implicated in neurogenic inflammation and central sensitization. Finally, psychological stress may produce measurable biochemical changes and affect other processes. Here, the author reviewed the existing literature on etiology involved in the mechanisms of CP/CPPS.
참고문헌 (46)
- 조인래, "전립선염의 진단과 치료", The World Journal of Men's Health, 23(1), pp.1~11 (2005), 대한남성과학회
- Collins MM, "How common is prostatitis? A national survey of physician visits", J Urol, 159, pp.1224~1228 (1998)
- Woo YN, "Prostatitis", Korean J Urol, 35, pp.575~585 (1994)
- Krieger JN, "Chronic pelvic pains represent the most prominent urogenital symptoms of "chronic prostatitis"", Urology, 48, pp.715~721 (1996)
- Krieger JN, "NIH consensus definition and classification of prostatitis", JAMA, 282, pp.236~237 (1999)
- Pontari MA, "Mechanisms in prostatitis", chronic pelvic pain syndrome, 2008, pp.179(5 Suppl), S61~67
- Berger RE, "Bacteria in the prostate tissue of men with idiopathic prostatic inflammation", J Urol, 157, pp.863~865 (1997)
- Mehik A, "sexual disturbances and personality features in men with prostatitis: a population-based cross-sectional study in Finland", BJU Int, 88, pp.35~38 (2001)
- Ponniah S, "PSA is a candidate self-antigen in autoimmune chronic prostatitis", chronic pelvic pain syndrome, 2000, pp.44, 49~54
- Zermann DH, "Neurourological insights into the etiology of genitourinary pain in men", J Urol, 161, pp.903~908 (1999)
- 하재성, "만성 골반통 증후군에서 중합효소 연쇄반응을 이용한 잠복 미생물의 검출", Korean Journal of Urology, 43(5), pp.396~401 (2002), 대한비뇨기과학회
- 정석근, "만성전립선염", 만성골반통증후군과 비뇨생식기 마이코플라즈마 및 클라미디아 감염과의 관계, 2011, pp.6(1), 67~72[DOI]
- Berger RE, "Case-control study of men with suspected chronic idiopathic prostatitis", J Urol, 141, pp.328~331 (1989)
- Shen X, "Nanobacteria: a possible etiology for type III prostatitis", J Urol, 184, pp.364~369 (2010)
- Shoskes DA, "Anti-nanobacterial therapy for men with chronic prostatitis", chronic pelvic pain syndrome and prostatic stones: preliminary experience, 2005, pp.173, 474~477
- Zhou Z, "Detection of nanobacteria infection in type III prostatitis", Urology, 71, pp.1091~1095 (2008)
- 김태형, "Detection of Nanobacteria in Patients with Chronic Prostatitis and Vaginitis by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction", Korean Journal of Urology, 52(3), pp.194~199 (2011), 대한비뇨기과학회
- Stancik I, "Effect of antibiotic therapy on interleukin-6 in fresh semen and postmasturbation urine samples of patients with chronic prostatitis", chronic pelvic pain syndrome, 2008, pp.72, 336~339
- Liu L, "Evaluation of interleukin-8 in expressed prostatic secretion as a reliable biomarker of inflammation in benign prostatic hyperplasia", Urology, 74, pp.340~344 (2009)
- Lotti F, "Ultrasonographic and clinical correlates of seminal plasma interleukin-8 levels in patients attending an andrology clinic for infertility", Int J Androl, 34, pp.600~613 (2011)
- He L, "Clinical significance of IL-2, IL-10, and TNF-alpha in prostatic secretion of patients with chronic prostatitis", Urology, 75, pp.654~657 (2010)
- Orhan I, "Seminal plasma cytokine levels in the diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain syndrome", Int J Urol, 8, pp.495~499 (2001)
- Miller LJ, "Interleukin-10 levels in seminal plasma: implications for chronic prostatitis-chronic pelvic pain syndrome", J Urol, 167, pp.753~756 (2002)
- Miller LJ, "Nerve growth factor and chronic prostatitis", chronic pelvic pain syndrome, 2002, pp.59, 603~608
- John H, "Noninflammatory chronic pelvic pain syndrome: immunological study in blood, ejaculate and prostate tissue", Eur Urol, 39, pp.72~78 (2001)
- Eisenberg ER, "Etiology: where does prostatitis stop and interstitial cystitis begin?", World J Urol, 21, pp.64~69 (2003)
- Liu HT, "Urinary nerve growth factor level is increased in patients with interstitial cystitis", bladder pain syndrome and decreased in responders to treatment, 2009, pp.104, 1476~1481
- Watanabe T, "Nerve growth factor level in the prostatic fluid of patients with chronic prostatitis", chronic pelvic pain syndrome is correlated with symptom severity and response to treatment, 2011, pp.108, 248~251
- Hellstrom WJ, "Neuromuscular dysfunction in nonbacterial prostatitis", Urology, 30, pp.183~188 (1987)
- Kaplan SA, "Pseudodyssynergia (contraction of the external sphincter during voiding) misdiagnosed as chronic nonbacterial prostatitis and the role of biofeedback as a therapeutic option", J Urol, 157, pp.2234~2237 (1997)
- Kaplan SA, "Urodynamic evidence of vesical neck obstruction in men with misdiagnosed chronic nonbacterial prostatitis and the therapeutic role of endoscopic incision of the bladder neck", J Urol, 152, pp.2063~2065 (1994)
- . Barbalias GA., "Prostatodynia or painful male urethral syndrome?", Urology, 36, pp.146~153 (1990)
- Barbalias GA, "Alpha-blockers for the treatment of chronic prostatitis in combination with antibiotics", J Urol, 159, pp.883~887 (1998)
- Kirby RS, "Intra-prostatic urinary reflux: an aetiological factor in abacterial prosta titis", Br J Urol, 54, pp.729~731 (1982)
- Persson BE, "Evidence for a mechanistic association between nonbacterial prostatitis and levels of urate and creatinine in expressed prostatic secretion", J Urol, 155, pp.958~960 (1996)
- Ku JH, "Quality of life and psychological factors in chronic prostatitis", chronic pelvic pain syndrome, 2005, pp.66, 693~701
- Rodriguez MA, "National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Working Group on Urological Chronic Pelvic Pain. Evidence for overlap between urological and nonurological unexplained clinical conditions", J Urol, 182, pp.2123~2131 (2009)
- de la Rosette JJ, "Personality variables involved in chronic prostatitis", Urology, 42, pp.654~662 (1993)
- Egan KJ, "Psychological problems in chronic prostatitis patients with pain", Clin J Pain, 10, pp.218~226 (1994)
- Ku JH, "Psychological problems in young men with chronic prostatitis-like symptoms", Scand J Urol Nephrol, 36, pp.296~301 (2002)
- Clemens JQ, "Mental health diagnoses in patients with interstitial cystitis", painful bladder syndrome and chronic prostatitis, control study, pp.J Urol, 2008[DOI]
- Nickel JC, "NIH-CPCRN Study Group. Psychosocial variables affect the quality of life of men diagnosed with chronic prostatitis", chronic pelvic pain syndrome, 2008, pp.101, 59~64
- Tripp DA, "National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Collaborative Research Network (NIH-CPCRN) Study Group. Catastrophizing and pain-contingent rest predict patient adjustment in men with chronic prostatitis", chronic pelvic pain syndrome, 2006, pp.7, 697~708
- Lan T, "Influence of environmental factors on prevalence, symptoms, and pathologic process of chronic prostatitis", chronic pelvic pain syndrome in northwest China, 2011, pp.78, 1142~1149
- Hedelin H, "Chronic prostatitis", chronic pelvic pain syndrome: symptoms are aggravated by cold and become less distressing with age and time, 2007, pp.41, 516~520
- Hedelin H, "Pain associated with the chronic pelvic pain syndrome is strongly related to the ambient temperature", Scand J Urol Nephrol, 46, pp.279~283 (2012)