머스 커닝험과 시각 예술가들의 예술협력에 관한 연구

Abstract

Merce Cunningham is a truly revolutionary artist. He had always been interested in working with other artists. He collaborated with many outstanding artists including Robert Rauschenberg, Jasper Johns and Andy Warhol. These collaborations were part of a remarkably fertile artistic era in both dance and visual art that has continued for more than half a century to the present day. The goal of this research is to determine the characteristics of Cunningham's collaboration with these visual artists. Rauschenberg and Johns spent a decade as resident artists with Cunningham designing sets, costumes, and lighting, and at times they toured with the company. Jasper Johns was an Artistic Advisor to the Cunningham Company, in which capacity he selected designers for new dances as well as designing some himself. There followed a series of celebrated collaborations with contemporary visual artists: Andy Warhol, whose installation piece Silver Clouds provided the decor for "Rainforest", Marcel Duchamp's The Large Glass was adapted for the decor for "Walkaround Time." The key word for Merce Cunningham's work is innovation. Cunningham exchanged his innovative ideas with his collaborators. While collaborating they kept a mode of independency between arts. His use of chance operations reflected in the decor such as floating silver clouds. The collaborations with visual artists helped his idea of decentralizing space. Cunningham conceived dance as "seeing". His collaborations with visual artists enriched visual aspects of dance. It also reflected his philosophy as a quest for freedom.