조선의 남방지역과 일본에 대한 경계인식

Abstract

As the Joseon government made various measures about Japanese marauders in the early times, the awareness of the vigilance toward the southern districts showed up for the first time, and began to take shape after the limitation on the trade with the Japanese at the ports along the coast. But both the ban on maritime trade and the compulsory evacuation on some islands in the late Koryo and the early Joseon became one of the causes to hamper the development of the awareness. Afterwards people got to sneak into some islands on the southwestern coast and made their homes there, so the vigilance toward the southern coast was widespread gradually. Two ports were opened to the Japanese along the southeast coast of Joseon, at Busanpo and Naeipo in 1426. But the Japanese demanded additional opening of some ports several times. As a result Gaeunpo of Ulsan area was opened in 1435. And the lord of Tsushima asked to open the fishery ground of the southern coast in Jeollnamdo province. After a lot of controversies, the government gave him the right to fish around the Gochodo island. The government also collected taxes from the Japanese to make sure that those places were the territory of Joseon, and decided to punish the Japanese wandering outside the restricted areas. It was the result that the awareness of the vigilance toward the southern districts established itself in Joseon. The government thought that Tsushima was the base of Japanese marauders in the early times, but after the attack on the island in 1419 the recognition began to change. In consequence, a general awareness came into being that Tsushima was a remote barracks to safeguard the kingdom or one of the provinces in the Joseon dynasty. And the opinion to deal with the island separately from Japan appeared. Such recognition became the spiritual groundwork to incorporate Tsushima into the order of foreign relations led by the Joseon government. It had also a big effect on the formation and the development of the diplomatic system toward Japan. And it even worked as the background of the dual foreign system under which Tsushima entered into the national order of Joseon in the political and diplomatic respect, although the island belonged to Japan in the territorial respect. In the late period of the dynasty the sense of ‘a remote barracks’ or ‘one of the Joseon provinces’ about Tsushima weakened gradually, but the consciousness of ‘the separation’ rather got clear.