한국 고대사에 있어서 이상향의 현실구현에 관한 일고찰 -宮南池및 익산 왕궁리 苑池구조분석을 중심으로-

Abstract

Existing studies on Taoism of Baekje can be classified into the researches on historical literature rooted from ‘Baekje bongi’ within ‘Samguk Sagi’ and researches of artifacts and ruins based on archeological investigations. It would be safe to say that most of the studies represented demonstration of the fact that Taoism carried on in Baekje and sociopolitical relationship of Baekje’s Taoism. And in recent years, studies on Taoism in Baekje are actively conducted from various perspectives to examine the world view within the flow of cultural history in the North East Asia. But since these new studies can be viewed as they still rely on the sociopolitical understanding of Baekje’s Taoism, they haven’t sufficiently looked into how Taoism was implemented throughout actual daily lives in Baekje. Therefore, this study intends to make approaches the issue of practical implementation of Baekje’s world view under Taoism through a key word of garden. Because the garden is a facility closely related to daily lives as a symbolic space within a place where people reside, it resembles the world view of the time from both aspects of its functional elements as well as ideological perspectives. In other words, it can be viewed as building a garden represents the field of humanities including the history and ideology of the time and empirical fields as well. Gardens of Baekje can be found from the literatures of as early as the 4th century; however, this study plans to focus on the era of King Muwang during the 7th centurty when the characteristics of gardens of Baekje were more specifically discussed. It is because it would be possible to explain how Baekje implemented the world view under Taoism within daily lives by examining the gardens during the Sabi period, when advancements were made throughout all fields, when considering the fact that ideological foundation, technoligy and financial resource were the must-have elements to build gardens, specifically to build Wonji. For the purpose of this study, the scope of this study was limited to and focused on the two representative palatial gardens of Baekje, Gungnamji in Buyeo and Wanggung-ri Wonji in Iksan. The method is to consider Taoist elements contained within Gungnamji and Wanggung-ri Wonji through literatures as well as to classify architectural structure of palatial garden into a few types. It means that it is to structurally classify and look into the Wonji of Gungwon; subsequently, it is to investigate the implementation of Taoist world view by mainstream of Baeje in the 7th century and the enjoyment culture of Taoist world view. And based on these procedures, it is to infer whether the Wonji of aristocrats and Eupseong-oriented Wonji of general public existed. Consequentially, this study represents preceding research designed to prove that the key word of garden coincides with the reflection of Taoist utopia ever since the Three Kingdoms of Korea and through Joseon Dynasty and today.