98고합504 외환위기책임
Responsibility for the Monetary Crisis in 1997
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초록
1997년 말 한국은 외환위기를 맞았다. IMF의 구제금융을 신청하였다. 다음해인 1998년 김대중 정부의 출범과 함께 외환위기의 수습과 동시에 외환위기의 책임을 물어 당시 경제책임자들을 기소하였다. 1998년 8월 20일 제1심판결, 2002년 10월 17일 제2심판결, 2004년 5월 27일 대법원판결로 외환위기의 책임에 대한 사법적 판단은 종료하였다.3가지가 중요한 쟁점이 되었다. 피고인들은 (1) 기아사태 처리과정의 개입과 (2) 외환시장개입중단지시 그리고 (3) 대통령에게 외환위기 보고를 회피함으로써 직권남용권리행사방해의 죄 및 직무유기의 죄의 판단여부이다. 법원은 무죄를 선고하였다. 당시 경제책임자들은 법원의 무죄판결에도 불구하고 다음의 점을 인식하지 못한 점에 대해서는 비난가능성이 있다. (1) 시장이 금융의 실권을 가진다. 규제완화와 통합화로 인해 여러 나라의 금융시장은 상호의존적인 관계가 형성되고, 금융회사의 정부기관으로부터의 이탈이 가속화되었다. (2) 환레이트는 시장실세추인이 기본이다. 중앙은행의 적극적시장개입은 실효성이 없다. (3) 금융경제가 실체경제를 능가한다. 금융 및 외환위기는 결국 실물경제와 무관하게 도래한다.
Abstract
Monetary crisis occurred in Korea in the late of 1997. Korea intended to implement over the next three years to address the fundermental causes of its current financial difficulties. Korea request a three-year stand-by arrangement from the International Monetary Fund in an amount equivalent to SDR 15.5 billion. After the inauguration of Kim Daejung Government, the former vice prime minister Kang and the former presidential economic secretary Kim were indicted for crimes of 4 counts. They were free of charge at the first trial in 1998. The Supreme Court rejected an application in 2004. Main issues of law were (1) Delaying the Problem of Kia Motor defaults, (2) Intervention of Foreign Exchange Market (3) Not Reporting of Possibility of Financial Difficulties to the President. Courts hold that they were no guilty. Notwithstanding the innocence, they could not shirk their responsibilities of not understanding of international financial characters. (1) The Market posses the Power of Balance. (2) The Acceptance of Real Price is a basic stance in Market. (3) The Financial Economy is superior to the Ordinary Economy
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