효과적 죽음상담을 위한 죽음 이해
Effective Counseling on Death & Dying in Christian Counseling: Centering around Biblical & Theological Foundation
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본 연구는 효과적 죽음상담을 위한 죽음의 성경적, 신학적 이해를 다루었다. 죽음은 인간의 죄로 인하여 발생되었으며, 이는 인간 존재의 근원적이며 궁극 적이고 가장 강력하고도 위협적이며 고통스러운 존재이다. 그래서 인간은 죽음 에 저항하고, 여러 방법으로 이 공포를 피해보려고 노력해 왔다. 하지만 기독 교상담의 입장에서는 내담자에게 죽음을 회피하지 않도록 하며, 죽음 후의 세 계에 대하여 분명히 인식시켜 죽음불안을 제거하고 소망을 가지고 죽음을 맞 이하는 것이 삶의 바른 태도이다. 일반적으로 죽음에 대한 논의는 조직신학에서 종말론의 주제로 다루어져 왔 다. 종말론은 미래에 될 일들, 심판, 보상, 천국, 지옥 등을 다루며, 그에 대한 신앙을 갖는 것을 강조한다. 성경이 죽음에 대해서 어떻게 말하고 있는가? 죽 음불안을 어떻게 극복할 것인가 하는 연구는 기독교상담학적으로 중요하다. 따 라서 본 연구에서는 죽음 연구의 필요성, 죽음의 정의와 개념, 성경에 나타난 비유를 통한 죽음이해, 죽음의 기원, 죽음에 대한 성경적 이해, 죽음의 기독교 상담적 이해(목회현장에서의 죽음, 죽음불안, 죽음상담) 등을 다루었다. 결론적으로 기독교상담에서는 죽음 자체에 대한 불안을 감소시키려는 노력 보다는 내담자에게 사후 세계, 내세에 대한 확신을 갖도록 함으로써 죽음불안 을 감소시키는 것이 중요하다는 것을 밝혔다. 본 연구에서는 기독교상담자 자 신이 사후에 대한 확신과 죽음에 대한 담대한 인식을 가지고 있어야 효과적인 상담이 가능하다고 보고, 죽음은 살아있을 때 생각해야 하는 것이며, 삶을 의 미있게 보내기 위해서 죽음을 미리 생각하도록 해야 함을 밝혔다.
Abstract
This paper is to clarify the effective counseling on death & dying in Christian counseling. According to the Genesis of the old testament, death came from human’s transgression. A question on death & dying is a foundational question and ultimate asking for humans’existence. Also, death is painful, threatening, and powerful being. So human being is making resistance to avoid death by a lot of medical treatments or methods. Human being, however, is mortal being. In Christian counseling, a counselor ought to make confrontation with death for a client. A Christian counselor has to check whether a client has belief on the Kingdom of heaven beyond death or not. Also, a Christian counselor’s role is to give desire for the hopeful future: the Kingdom of heaven to a client. Generally, eschatology in systematic theology and/or biblical theology have dealt with discussion on death. Eschatology contains things of future, judgement, reward, the Kingdom of heaven, hell, ect. Christian counseling must deal with that what the Bible says on death & dying. Accordingly, this research handled necessity of research for death & dying, definition and notion of death, origin of death, understanding on death through metaphor in the Bible, and counseling methods on death & dying. In conclusion, the researcher emphasized that a Christian counselor ought more to dealt with confidence on salvation and the Kingdom of God through Christ to a client than to avoid death anxiety or thanatophobia to a client. Also, a Christian counselor does not focus on the isolation, nihility, sadness, and regret of a client in due to death. First of all, a Christian counselor has to get a confidence on salvation and the Kingdom of heaven in order to do counseling effectively. The reason to study death in advance is to live meaning life in this world. To deal with cognition on death biblically is essential of Christian counseling.
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