우리나라 보험산업의 생산성 : 교육과 무역자유화의 영향분석
Productivity in the Korean Insurance Industry : An Analysis on the Effects of Education and Trade Liberalization
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초록
본 연구에서는 한국의 보험산업에 대하여 생산성을 측정하여 비교하고 시간적 추세를 살펴보았다. 이와 함께 보험산업의 생산성변화에 교육 또는 인적자본의 축적 그리고 무역자유화의 진전이 영향을 미치고 있는지를 파악해 보고자 하였다. 실증결과 1. 생명보험산업의 상대적 효율성이 손해보험산업의 상대적 효율성보다 훨씬 높게 나타났고 2. 우리나라 보험산업의 효율성은 생명보험산업에서는 상승되는 추세를 보여 왔으나 손해보험산업에서는 하락추세를 보여 왔으며 3. 생명보험산업에서는 규모의 효율성이 거의 같은 수준으로 유지되고 있으나 손해보험산업에서는 규모의 효율성이 증대되었고 4. 생명보험산업은 1990년대에는 규모에 대한 수익증가를 보이다가 2000년대에는 규모에 대한 수익감소 또는 불변을 보여주었고 손해보험산업에서는 1990년대나 2000년대 모두 규모에 대한 수익증가를 보여주었고 5. 보험산업의 생산성의 변화는 교육에 크게 영향 받아 왔고, 무역자유화의 진전에도 어느 정도 영향을 받아왔다는 점 등이 밝혀졌다.
Abstract
By using data envelopment analysis(DEA) this research measures the efficiency of Korean insurance industry and the effects of education and trade liberalization on the productivity changes from 1990 to 2010. Under the assumption of CRS(constant returns to scale) and VRS(various returns to scale), the relative efficiency levels of life and non-life insurance industry are measured and the effects of education and trade liberalization on the productivity changes are examined during these years. Important finding facts are as follows. 1) Relative efficiency levels of life insurance industry are much higher than those of non-life insurance industry. 2) Korean life insurance industry has experienced increasing trends of relative productivity levels, but Korean non-life insurance industry has shown decreasing trends of relative productivity levels. 3) Korean life insurance industry has maintained the efficiency of scale, but Korean non-life insurance industry has shown increasing trends of the efficiency of scale. 4) Korean life insurance industry has shown IRS in 1990s and DRS or CRS in 2000s, but Korean non-life insurance industry has shown IRS in all periods. 5) The efficiency of Korean insurance industry has received very large impacts from human capital accumulation of education. 6) The efficiency of Korean insurance industry has received considerable impacts from trade liberalization.
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