金鑢 한시에 나타난 자기 인식

Abstract

This paper examined the changes in self-perception found in the classical Chinese poems by Damjeong Kim Ryeo (金鑢, 1766~1821), one of the major writers of the late Joseon dynasty. Kim Ryeo has been highly regarded for forming relationships with people in the periphery of Joseon society or those who have never received the spotlight, regardless of their social status and rank. Furthermore, Kim Ryeo placed such people at the forefront of his literary works and warmly portrayed their humanity and life. However, as much as he carefully observed others, Kim Ryeo reflected on his situation and self-perception more earnestly than anyone else and showed it unreservedly in his works. Such features were related to how Kim Ryeo formed relationships with others and the outer world, as well as his creative tendencies. There were many turning points in Kim Ryeo's life, which makes it interesting to see how his self-perception changed at each turning point. Kim Ryeo's life can be divided primarily into his period of learning, exile, and public service. During his learning period, Kim Ryeo expanded his friendship at Sungkyunkwan and established his self-perception as a Confucian scholar. At the same time, he frequently portrayed himself as an "invalid" in his works as he was weak from birth, which may have also led him to be interested in Buddhism. Afterward, Kim Ryeo became involved in "Kang I-Chun's False Rumor Incident '' and suddenly became a seditious person. Once he was exiled to Buryeong, Kim Ryeo's works show that he viewed himself to be a devastated person who has been "alienated." After four years in exile, Kim Ryeo was retransferred to Uigeumbu to be tortured and exiled again to Jinhae due to the Shinyu Persecution of 1800. Although Kim Ryeo was still an exile, his self-perception in Jinhae was quite different from that in Buryeong. Rather than viewing himself as a lonely and solitary sinner, he changed his perception of the same situation by considering himself a hermit transcending worldly concerns, which can be understood as a consolation to his circumstances. On the contrary, even unbeknownst to himself, Kim Ryeo did not break from his link to the royal court during his decade-long exile in Buryeong and Jinhae. Instead, he perceived himself as a loyal subject tormented by being unable to repay the king for his kindness. This was partly realized in his works written after he returned from exile to serve as the hyeongam (county magistrate) of Yeonsan, as he displayed features of a quintessential local governor. Kim Ryeo's self-perceptions changed in various ways depending on his situation, which showed that he was far from a one-dimensional person. He was a multi-faceted character who could not be defined by a single keyword. Furthermore, Kim Ryeo's complex and multilayered self-perceptions were also closely linked to his literary world. His way of expressing his emotions, which was more direct and honest than other writers, allowed him to be positioned as a soulful and humane writer. Kim Ryeo's self-perception was also directly related to how he viewed and interacted with others. His works that show a profound understanding of others were products of his attitude of viewing and understanding his subjects from different perspectives and portraying them free from any systemic oppression or limits to thinking.