시뮬레이션으로 구현된 자율주행차량 거동 적정성 평가 방법론 개발 연구
Suitability Evaluation for Simulated Maneuvering of Autonomous Vehicles
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초록
자율주행 기술을 활용하여 사고 예방과 정체 감소를 위한 교통운영관리 전략을 개발하는다양한 연구가 시뮬레이션 기반으로 수행되고 있다. 이를 위해서는 시뮬레이션에서 구현되는자율차의 거동이 실제상황을 충분히 반영하여야 하며 일반차량의 거동과 차별화되어야 한다. 그러나 실제 자율차의 주행자료와 일반차량과의 상호작용 자료 취득의 어려움으로 인해 시뮬레이션 상의 자율차 거동에 대한 검증이 미흡한 상황이다. 본 연구의 목적은 주행 및 교통 시뮬레이션 실험을 통해 자율차 거동의 적정성을 평가하는 방법론을 개발하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 개별 자율차 주행 시 요구조건과 교통류 내에서 다른 차량과의 상호작용 결과물인 퍼포먼스에 대한 요구조건을 정립하였다. 두 가지 관점의 요구조건에 대한 만족 여부를 주행 시뮬레이션과 교통 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 평가하는 프레임워크를 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 보다 신뢰성 있는 자율주행 시뮬레이션 분석을 위한 유용한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
A variety of simulation approaches based on automated driving technologies have been proposed to develop traffic operations strategies to prevent traffic crashes and alleviate congestion. The maneuver of simulated autonomous vehicles (AVs) needs to be realistic and be effectively differentiated from the behavior of manually driven vehicles (MVs). However, the verification of simulated AV maneuvers is limited due to the difficulty in collecting actual AVs trajectory and interaction data with MVs. The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology to evaluate the suitability of AV maneuvers based on both driving and traffic simulation experiments. The proposed evaluation framework includes the requirements for the behavior of individual AVs and the traffic stream performance resulting from the interactions with surrounding vehicles. A driving simulation approach is adopted to evaluate the feasibility of maneuvering of individual AVs. Meanwhile, traffic simulations are used to evaluate whether the impact of AVs on the performance of traffic stream is reasonable. The outcome of this study is expected to be used as a fundamental for the design and evaluation of transportation systems using automated driving technologies.
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