중국 해양정책에 관한 연구 - 정책변화 양상과 영향요소를 중심으로 -

Abstract

Recently, China marine policy and their marine development investments has been getting attention due to the development of autonomous manned vehicles (AMV). China has maintained as one of a few socialist countries, while turing around for economic growth. This change of orientation has been substantially impacting on the marine policy of the country. From the ocean strategies that focused on the marine defense systems in 1950’s to the current ones emphasizing "marine integration management policy", Chinese marine policy has been evolving in accordance with the dynamics of domestic and international affairs. This paper reviews the historical path of the modern chinese marine policy, and analyze the important factors led to these changes, the keynote, basic strategy, features in China's marine policy. In addition, the study examines the causality or probability among the factors of policy impacts, policy changes and keynotes, based on the perspective of the linkage theory. The output results suggest that China's marine policy has been rooted on the foundation of policy basis and strategy which respond to objective recognition and evaluation of internal and external environmental factors. Chinese marine policy has addressed such factors as resources and environment, leader’s perception, social and economic changes, and population. Moreover, it has been developed as a form of comprehensive policy in line with the issues of natural environment, social environment, supply and demand of resources, and military elements. China's marine policy has appeared to ensure policy coherence and stability, which is an advantage of the unified political system, and to entail closeness to an objective of national macro economic policies for social and economic development of the nation In China's marine policy, a gap between policy-making and policy-operating occurs due to government-centered management, overlapping agency roles and unregulated enforcement systems. However, consistency of strategy that keeps marine policy as a prolongation of policy strategy, and that adheres to the promotion of closeness accompanying an economic and industrial macro economic policy will contribute to us to a great extent.