Sustainable Development Status in CLMV Countries Following Economic Reform and Openness
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This study examines the status and trends of sustainable development in the Kingdom of Cambodia, the Lao People`s Democratic Republic, the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, and the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam (CLMV) from 1990 to 2020. Using country-level panel data, it applies the Principal Common Factor (PCF) method to determine the weight of each Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs) and construct a Sustainable Development Index (SDI). Key findings include: First, Most SDGs, except Goals 5 and 15, display common patterns across CLMV countries, with significant improvements in people (Goals 1, 2, 3, 4), planet (Goals 6, 14), prosperity (Goals 7, 8, 9), and partnerships (Goal 17). Second, The SDI of CLMV countries shows a steady upward trajectory despite temporary shocks. Finally, the SDI trend closely aligns with per capita GDP, indicating economic reform and openness have enhanced sustainable development outcomes in these countries
Abstract
This study examines the status and trends of sustainable development in the Kingdom of Cambodia, the Lao People`s Democratic Republic, the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, and the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam (CLMV) from 1990 to 2020. Using country-level panel data, it applies the Principal Common Factor (PCF) method to determine the weight of each Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs) and construct a Sustainable Development Index (SDI). Key findings include: First, Most SDGs, except Goals 5 and 15, display common patterns across CLMV countries, with significant improvements in people (Goals 1, 2, 3, 4), planet (Goals 6, 14), prosperity (Goals 7, 8, 9), and partnerships (Goal 17). Second, The SDI of CLMV countries shows a steady upward trajectory despite temporary shocks. Finally, the SDI trend closely aligns with per capita GDP, indicating economic reform and openness have enhanced sustainable development outcomes in these countries