산화아연이 Aspergillus fumigatus 에 의한 진균성 부비동염 토끼 모델 제작에 미치는 영향
Effect of Zinc Oxide on the Development of a Fungal Sinusitis Rabbit Model with Aspergillus fumigatus
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Background and Objectives: Aspergillus fumigatus is commonly associated with airway inflammatory diseases. Zinc oxide (ZO) is known to be an essential microelement that facilitates fungal survival, growth, and proliferation. This study aimed to investigate the impact of ZO on A. fumigatus-induced fungal sinusitis in rabbit. Materials and Methods: Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits divided into five groups for this study. Group 1 (5 sides) served as the negative control, Group 2 (6 sides) received phosphate buffer saline (PBS) without ZO, Group 3 (7 sides) received PBS with ZO, Group 4 (7 sides) was exposed to A. fumigatus without ZO, and Group 5 (7 sides) was exposed to A. fumigatus with ZO. After 28 days, histological and mycologic examinations, cytokine analysis, and transcription factor evaluation were conducted. Results: The intramaxillary instillation of A. fumigatus conidia led to increase protein and mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-8 in the maxillary sinus mucosa. These changed in chemical mediator production were associated with the activation of nuclear factor-κB and p38. Furthermore, intramaxillary instillation of fungal conidia resulted in significant enhancement of inflammatory cell infiltration and epithelial thickening. Notably, fungal biofilm formation was significantly increased in group 4 and 5. However, sub-mucoperiosteal application of ZO did not have a significant impact on A. fumigatus-induced inflammation of maxillary sinus mucosa. Conclusion: While intramaxillary instillation of A. fumigatus increased mucosal inflammation, cytokine production, and biofilm formation, the sub- mucoperiosteal application of ZO did not have a significant influence on inflammation in the maxillary sinus mucosa.
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Aspergillus fumigatus is commonly associated with airway inflammatory diseases. Zinc oxide (ZO) is known to be an essential microelement that facilitates fungal survival, growth, and proliferation. This study aimed to investigate the impact of ZO on A. fumigatus-induced fungal sinusitis in rabbit. Materials and Methods: Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits divided into five groups for this study. Group 1 (5 sides) served as the negative control, Group 2 (6 sides) received phosphate buffer saline (PBS) without ZO, Group 3 (7 sides) received PBS with ZO, Group 4 (7 sides) was exposed to A. fumigatus without ZO, and Group 5 (7 sides) was exposed to A. fumigatus with ZO. After 28 days, histological and mycologic examinations, cytokine analysis, and transcription factor evaluation were conducted. Results: The intramaxillary instillation of A. fumigatus conidia led to increase protein and mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-8 in the maxillary sinus mucosa. These changed in chemical mediator production were associated with the activation of nuclear factor-κB and p38. Furthermore, intramaxillary instillation of fungal conidia resulted in significant enhancement of inflammatory cell infiltration and epithelial thickening. Notably, fungal biofilm formation was significantly increased in group 4 and 5. However, sub-mucoperiosteal application of ZO did not have a significant impact on A. fumigatus-induced inflammation of maxillary sinus mucosa. Conclusion: While intramaxillary instillation of A. fumigatus increased mucosal inflammation, cytokine production, and biofilm formation, the sub- mucoperiosteal application of ZO did not have a significant influence on inflammation in the maxillary sinus mucosa.
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