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Ongoing sound change in the stop system of Korean: A three- to two-way categorization

김미령
한국음운론학회 (The Phonology-Morphology Circle of Korea)|2014.04|음성음운형태론연구 (Studies in Phonetics, Phonology, and Morphology)|제20권 제1호|pp. 51-82|DOI 10.17959/sppm.2014.20.1.51

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참고문헌

키워드

intensityKorean stopsVOTvowel durationsound changeSeoul KoreanH1-H2tonogenesisf0
주제분류언어학

초록

Korean stops undergo a sound change, characterized by the merger of voice onset time (VOT) in the consonantal portion but the maximized differences of fundamental frequency (f0) in the vocalic portion. This study replicated VOT and f0 and further examined vowel duration, H1-H2, and intensity (dB) to see how they play a role in the sound change of the Korean stop system. By controlling socio-phonetic factors such as age, gender, dialect, L2 English exposure period, and speech rate, individual differences in sound change were also investigated. Speech data were collected by thirteen speakers of purely native Seoul Korean (7 female and 6 male speakers). The results showed that, similar to VOT and f0, other acoustic parameters also underwent some changes in that each acoustic parameter showed a two-way distinction of H1-H2, intensity, and vowel duration, instead of an early three-way categorization. In particular, the consonantal differences between lax and aspirated stops are being neutralized in terms of VOT and intensity while their vocalic differences are being increased in terms of f0 and H1-H2. There was a correlation between tone and breathiness among female speakers: lax consonants correlated with low tone contain some breathiness. Individual differences in sound change were noticeable. The present findings imply that, since acoustic properties including f0 differences are fully predictable from consonant types, we can say that sound change is still in progress in contemporary Seoul Korean.

Abstract

Korean stops undergo a sound change, characterized by the merger of voice onset time (VOT) in the consonantal portion but the maximized differences of fundamental frequency (f0) in the vocalic portion. This study replicated VOT and f0 and further examined vowel duration, H1-H2, and intensity (dB) to see how they play a role in the sound change of the Korean stop system. By controlling socio-phonetic factors such as age, gender, dialect, L2 English exposure period, and speech rate, individual differences in sound change were also investigated. Speech data were collected by thirteen speakers of purely native Seoul Korean (7 female and 6 male speakers). The results showed that, similar to VOT and f0, other acoustic parameters also underwent some changes in that each acoustic parameter showed a two-way distinction of H1-H2, intensity, and vowel duration, instead of an early three-way categorization. In particular, the consonantal differences between lax and aspirated stops are being neutralized in terms of VOT and intensity while their vocalic differences are being increased in terms of f0 and H1-H2. There was a correlation between tone and breathiness among female speakers: lax consonants correlated with low tone contain some breathiness. Individual differences in sound change were noticeable. The present findings imply that, since acoustic properties including f0 differences are fully predictable from consonant types, we can say that sound change is still in progress in contemporary Seoul Korean.

참고문헌 (50)

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관련 논문AI추천

VOT Merger and F0 Maximization between the Lax and Aspirated Stop in Sound Change김미령사단법인 한국언어학회 · 언어학2013 · 제21권 제2호Inter-speaker and intra-speaker variability on sound change in contemporary Korean김미령한국음성학회 · 말소리와 음성과학2017 · 제9권 제3호Tonal development and voice quality in the stops of Seoul Korean유혜정한국음성학회 · 말소리와 음성과학2018 · 제10권 제4호Voice onset time in English and Korean stops with respect to a sound change김미령한국음성학회 · 말소리와 음성과학2021 · 제13권 제2호한국어 폐쇄음 발음과 최근의 발음 변이: 발화 형태별 VOT와 f0를 중심으로김지은한국음성학회 · 말소리와 음성과학2017 · 제9권 제3호A Sociophonetic Study of an Ongoing Sound Change in Stops and Affricates Produced by Jeju Speakers of Korean한경임한국언어과학회 · 언어과학2022 · 제29권 제2호

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