본문 바로가기
KERD
논문

디젤엔진 배출물질과 폐암발생 위험에 관한 고찰

A Review on Diesel Engine Exhaust and Lung Cancer Risks

1

조회

0

다운로드

5

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

초록

Objectives: Diesel engine exhaust (DE) accounts for a significant percentage of air pollutants that are associated with various health outcomes including mortality, asthma, chronic bronchitis, respiratory tract infection, etc. In June, 2012, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) released the assessment results that classified DE as “carcinogenic to humans” (Group 1). This review is therefore focused on the lung cancer risks of DE. Methods: Literatures were searched using PubMed with key words of “diesel exhaust”, “lung cancer”, and other related terms for the period between 1990 and 2012. A total of 295 articles were searched and sixteen epidemiologic studies were identified as potentially relevant. Results: Sixteen epidemiologic studies about the lung cancer risks of workers exposed to DE in various occupations were summarized in two tables, 1) retrospective cohort studies and 2) case-control studies. Increased lung cancer risk, although not always smoking adjusted, was observed in 6 out of 8 retrospective cohort studies and 4 of 8 case-control studies. Conclusions: Diesel fuel is widely used in Korea. Exposure to DE is confirmed to be a human carcinogen by IARC. Noncancer health risks of DE also need careful attention as DE is a major source of fine-particle pollution. Along with the efforts for reducing the DE emission through improvements of diesel engines and fuel, and the use of alternative fuels, comprehensive health risk assessment of DE should be conducted to minimize the adverse health effects.

Abstract

Objectives: Diesel engine exhaust (DE) accounts for a significant percentage of air pollutants that are associated with various health outcomes including mortality, asthma, chronic bronchitis, respiratory tract infection, etc. In June, 2012, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) released the assessment results that classified DE as “carcinogenic to humans” (Group 1). This review is therefore focused on the lung cancer risks of DE. Methods: Literatures were searched using PubMed with key words of “diesel exhaust”, “lung cancer”, and other related terms for the period between 1990 and 2012. A total of 295 articles were searched and sixteen epidemiologic studies were identified as potentially relevant. Results: Sixteen epidemiologic studies about the lung cancer risks of workers exposed to DE in various occupations were summarized in two tables, 1) retrospective cohort studies and 2) case-control studies. Increased lung cancer risk, although not always smoking adjusted, was observed in 6 out of 8 retrospective cohort studies and 4 of 8 case-control studies. Conclusions: Diesel fuel is widely used in Korea. Exposure to DE is confirmed to be a human carcinogen by IARC. Noncancer health risks of DE also need careful attention as DE is a major source of fine-particle pollution. Along with the efforts for reducing the DE emission through improvements of diesel engines and fuel, and the use of alternative fuels, comprehensive health risk assessment of DE should be conducted to minimize the adverse health effects.

참고문헌 (39)

  1. International Agency for Research on Cancer, "Press release No. 213, IARC: Diesel engine exhaust carcinogenic. Available: press.iarc.fr", pr213_E.pdf, 2012
  2. "IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans" (1989)[URL]
  3. "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vol.45 No.1" (2008)[URL]
  4. National Institute of Environmental Research - Transportation Pollution Research Center, "Clean Diesel Automobiles Outlook", pp.1~43 (2009), Ministry of Environment
  5. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Health assessment document for diesel engine exhaust" (2002), National Technical Information Service
  6. Pope CA III, "Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long term exposure to fine particulate air pollution", J Am Med Assoc, 287(9), pp.1132~1141 (2002)
  7. Ris C. U.S, "EPA health assessment for diesel engine exhaust: a review", Inhal Toxicol, 19(1), pp.229~239 (2007)
  8. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Nationalscale air toxic assessment for 1999: Estimated emissions, concentrations and risk", ~ (2006)
  9. Diaz-Sanchez D, "Diesel exhaust particles induce local IgE production in vivo and alter the pattern of IgE messenger RNA isoforms", J Clin Invest, 94(4), pp.1417~1425 (1994)
  10. Diaz-Sanchez D, "Enhanced nasal cytokine production in human beings after in vivo challenge with diesel exhaust particles", J Allergy Clin Immunol, 98(1), pp.114~123 (1996)
  11. Diaz-Sanchez D, "Combined diesel exhaust particulate and ragweed allergen challenge markedly enhances human in vivo nasal ragweed-specific IgE and skews cytok ine production to a T helper cell 2-type pattern", J Immunol, 158(5), pp.2406~2413 (1997)
  12. Hauser R, "The upper airway response to pollen is enhanced by exposure to combustion particulates: a pilot human experimental challenge study", Environ Health Perspect, 111(4), pp.472~477 (2003)
  13. Boffetta P, "Occupational exposure to diesel engine emissions and risk of cancer in Swedish men and women", Cancer Causes Control, 12(4), pp.365~374 (2001)
  14. Jrvholm B, "Lung cancer in heavy equipment operators and truck drivers with diesel exhaust exposure in the construction industry", Occup Environ Med, 60(7), pp.516~520 (2003)
  15. Wong O, "Mortality among members of a heavy construction equipment operators union with potential exposure to diesel exhaust emissions", Br J Ind Med, 42, pp.435~448 (1985)
  16. Garshick E, "A retrospective cohort study of lung cancer and diesel exhaust exposure in railroad workers", Am Rev Respir Dis, 137, pp.820~825 (1988)
  17. Garshick E, "Lung cancer in railroad workers exposed to diesel exhaust", Environ Health Perspect, 112(15), pp.1539~1543 (2004)
  18. Garshick E, "Smoking imputation and lung cancer in railroad workers exposed to diesel exhaust", Am J Ind Med, 49(9), pp.709~718 (2006)
  19. Laden F, "Historical estimation of diesel exhaust exposure in a cohort study of U.S. railroad workers and lung cancer", Cancer Causes Control, 17(7), pp.911~919 (2006)
  20. Garshick E, "Lung cancer and vehicle exhaust in trucking industry workers", Environ Health Perspect, 116(10), pp.1327~1332 (2008)
  21. Attfield MD, "The Diesel Exhaust in Miners study: a cohort mortality study with emphasis on lung cancer", J Natl Cancer Inst, 104(11), pp.869~883 (2012)
  22. Sverin R, "Diesel exhaust and lung cancer mortality in potash mining", Am J Ind Med, 36(4), pp.415~422 (1999)
  23. Soll-Johanning H, "Lung and bladder cancer among Danish urban bus drivers and tramway employees: a nested case-control study", Occup Med, 53(1), pp.25~33 (2003)
  24. Richiardi L, "Occupational exposure to diesel exhausts and risk for lung cancer in a population- based case-control study in Italy", Ann Oncol, 17(12), pp.1842~1847 (2006)
  25. Olsson AC, "Exposure to diesel motor exhaust and lung cancer risk in a pooled analysis from case-control studies in Europe and Canada", Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 183(7), pp.941~948 (2011)
  26. Villeneuve PJ, "Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group. Occupational exposure to diesel and gasoline emissions and lung cancer in Canadian men", Environ Res, 111(5), pp.727~735 (2011)
  27. Silverman DT, "The diesel exhaust in miners study: a nested case-control study of lung cancer and diesel exhaust", J Natl Cancer Inst, 104(11), pp.855~868 (2012)
  28. Gustavsson P, "Occupational exposure and lung cancer risk: a population-based case-referent study in Sweden", Am J Epidemiol, 152(1), pp.32~40 (2000)
  29. Brske-Hohlfeld I, "Occupational lung cancer risk for men in Germany: results from a pooled case-control study", Am J Epidemiol, 151(4), pp.384~395 (2000)
  30. Parent ME, "Exposure to diesel and gasoline engine emissions and the risk of lung cancer", Am J Epidemiol, 165(1), pp.53~62 (2007)
  31. Bhatia R, "Diesel exhaust exposure and lung cancer", Epidemiology, 9(1), pp.84~91 (1998)
  32. Lipsett M, "Occupational exposure to diesel exhaust and lung cancer: a meta-analysis", Am J Public Health, 80(7), pp.1009~1017 (1999)
  33. Multiple Air Toxics Exposure Study inthe South Coast Air Basin (MATES-II), "South Coast Air Quality Management District(SCAQMD)", ~ (2000)
  34. "American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists"[URL]
  35. U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration, "Metal and nonmetal diesel particulate matter (DPM) Standard, Department of Labor", ~ (2006)
  36. Kim KK, "Experience on Special Measures For Air Quality Improvement In The Seoul Metropolitan Area" (2010), Korea Environment Institute
  37. Cho KR., "The trends of exhaust emission standard for diesel vehicle", Auto J, 30(3), pp.105~109 (2008)
  38. 이종성, "디젤 연소물질에 노출된 광산 근로자에서 소변 중 1- hydroxypyrene을 이용한 생물학적 모니터링", 한국산업위생학회지, 17(2), pp.144~152 (2007), 한국산업위생학회

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (8건)