지체장애인 기초체력의 단기 변화 및 체력 요소별 반응 특성 분석
Analysis of Short-Term Changes in Basic Physical Fitness and Response Characteristics by Fitness Components in Individuals with Physical Disabilities
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초록
본연구의목적은지역사회기반장애인체육시설에서운영한12주기초체력향상프로그램에 참여한지체장애성인을대상으로, 신체기능의단기변화양상과요소별반응특성을반복측정 설계로분석하는데있다. 연구대상은프로그램에참여한지체장애인50명으로, 사전–사후두 시점에서체질량지수(BMI), 유연성(좌전굴), 기능성근지구력(의자에서30초앉았다일어서기)을 측정하였다. 분석은 1요인 반복측정 분산분석(within-subjects: 시간)과 대응표본 t-검정을 병행하고, 효과크기(Cohen’s d)와 요소 간 상관분석을 추가하여 변화의 방향성과 규모를 종합적으로 검토하였다. 그 결과, BMI와 기능성 근지구력은 시간에 따른 통계적 유의성이 나타나지않았으며(p>.05), 유연성또한유의수준에는도달하지않았으나사후측정값에서소폭의 향상 경향을 보였다(모든 효과크기 d<0.2). 체력 요소 간 상관은 전반적으로 낮게 나타나, 지체장애인의기초체력요소들이상호독립적으로반응할가능성을시사하였다. 이러한결과는 단기간·저강도의개입만으로는뚜렷한체력변화를도출하기어렵고, 요소별특성과개인차를 반영한장기적·맞춤형처방이필요함을보여준다. 본연구는국내지역사회기반시설에서수집된 실제 반복측정 자료를 활용하여 지체장애인의 기초체력 요소별 반응 양상을 실증적으로 제시했다는점에서현장적의의를가지며, 향후연구에서는프로그램용량(강도·세트·반복·주당 빈도)의정량화, 출석률및동반질환통제, 삶의질·심리사회적지표를포함한종합적종단연구가 요구된다
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze short-term changes and element-specific responses of physical fitness among adults with physical disabilities who participated in a 12-week basic fitness enhancement program at a community-based sports center. Fifty participants were assessed at two time points (pre- and post-intervention) for body mass index (BMI), flexibility (sit-and-reach test), and functional muscular endurance (30-second chair stand test). A one-way repeated-measures ANOVA (within-subjects: time) and paired-sample t-tests were conducted to examine temporal effects, and effect sizes (Cohen’s d) and inter-variable correlations were calculated toenhance interpretation. Results showed no statistically significant time effects for BMI and functional muscular endurance (p> .05), and flexibility demonstrated a slight positive trend without reaching statistical significance (all d< 0.2, indicating negligible effect sizes). Correlations among the three fitness variables were generally weak, suggesting that component may respond independently to short-term interventions. These findings indicate that a brief, low-intensity exercise program may be insufficient to elicit measurable improvements in physical fitness among individuals with physical disabilities. Therefore, long-term, individualized, and intensity-adjusted interventions are required to achieve meaningful outcomes. This study provides field-based evidence using actual repeated-measures data collected from a community facility and highlights the need for future longitudinal research that quantifies program dosage (frequency, sets/repetitions, and intensity), controls for confounding factors such as attendance rate and comorbidities, and incorporates psychosocial and quality-of-life indicators.