감마선 처리 땅콩 돌연변이체 후대의 생육 특성
Growth Characteristics in Progenies of Peanut Mutants Induced by Gamma Ray
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신남광땅콩의 종자에 300 Gy의 감마선(Co-60)을 조사하여 선발된 BTM3-9와 BTM5-19의 후대(M8 세대) 지상부 특성은 다음과 같다. 1. 돌연변이 계통의 경장은 원품종인 신남광땅콩의 50 cm에 비하여 각각 44 cm와 45 cm로 단경화 되었고, 주당 분지수는 두 돌연변이 계통 모두 10개 내외로 소분지 계통이었다. 2. 개화기는 BTM3-9는 6월 11일, BTM5-19는 6월 12일로 원품종인 신남광땅콩의 6월 16일에 비하여 각각 5일과 4일 개화가 빨랐다. 3. 주당 엽면적은 원품종인 신남광땅콩의 6,180 cm2에 비하여 BTM3-9는 5,200 cm2, BTM5-19는 5,337 cm2로 14~16%가 적었다. 4. 돌연변이 계통의 개화 습성은 주경 및 분지에 생식지와 영양지가 교호로 착생하는 특성을 가지고 있고, 개화 최성기는 신남광땅콩과 BTM3-9의 7월 10일에 비하여 BTM5-19가 7월 5일로 5일 빨랐다. 5. 개화기간 동안의 주당 총 개화수는 원품종인 신남광땅콩의 347화에 비하여 BTM3-9가 13%, BTM5-19는 37% 포인트 적게 개화되었으며, 특히 개화초기(6월 25일 이전)의 유효 개화수는 원품종인 신남광땅콩의 43화에 86% 포인트 많았다. 6. 일일 평균 CGR은 BTM3-9가 11.8 g/m2/day, BTM5-19는 8.92 g/m2/day로서 원품종에 비하여 각각 6.45 g/m2/day와 3.57 g/m2/day 높았으며, 제 2 극대기는 BTM5-19가 파종 후 90일로써 원품종인 신남광땅콩에 비하여 25일 빨랐다.
Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) mutants were induced by the gamma ray with 300Gy of Co-60 irradiation using the seed of cultivar Shinnamkwang. BTM3-9 and BTM5-19 lines were selected in M3 generation and then segregated. In M8 generation, the growth characteristics of aboveground were investigated. BTM3-9 and BTM5-19 lines were short stem mutant that were 44cm and 45cm, respectively. The number of branches of the two mutant lines were about 10 branches, respectively, which were 13~14 branches fewer than those of original variety Shinnamkwang. Flowering date of the BTM3-5 and BTM5-19 was June 11 and 12, respectively, which were 5 and 4days earlier than June 16 of Shinnamkwang. In leaf area per plant, two mutant lines were 5,200cm2 and 5,337cm2, respectively, which were 14~16% smaller than 6,180cm2 of original variety. Reproductive nodes developed only on the branches in Shinnamkwang but that developed on the main stem as well as on the branches in two mutants. Anthesis of BTM5-19 mutants was 5days earlier than July 10 of Shinnamkwang and BTM3-9 mutant. In flowering stage, Shinnamkwang bloomed 347 flowers in total but BTM3-9 and BTM5-19 were bloomed 13~37% fewer than those of Shinnamkwang but the number of effective flowers at critical flowering stage was about 40 flowers more in two mutants than those of Shinnamkwang. Mean CGR per day of BTM3-9 and BTM5-19 was 11.8 and 8.92g/m2/day, respectively, which was 3.6~6.5g/m2/day higher than those of Shinnamkwang. The second maximum of BTM5-19 mutant appeared at 90days after sowing which was 25 days earlier than these of Shnnmamkwang and BTM3-9 mutant.
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