모니터 각도가 정보처리에 미치는 영향:체화된 인지와 심리적 파워의 관점에서
The Effect of Monitor Angle on Information Processing: In the Perspective of Embodied Cognition and Psychological Power
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
연구목적: 최근에는 다양한 크기나 멀티터치 등의 요인 뿐 아니라 사용자의 특성에 적합하게 각도를 조절할 수 있는지가 모니터 선택에 주요 요인이 되고 있다. 그런데 모니터 각도와 같이 소비자가 컴퓨터 사용에 있어 쉽게 그 변화를 지각할 수 있는 요인은 기술의 변화로 인한 편인의 지각이 용이하기 때문에 소비자의 제품 가치평가에 크게 작용할 수 있다. 본 연구는 모니터의 각도에 따라 모니터의 화면 속 내용에 대한 소비자의 정보처리가 달라지는 지를 검증함으로써 과연 모니터 각도가 소비자의 지각적 반응에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지를 보고자 하였다. 특히 본 연구는 ‘체화된 인지’와 ‘심리적 파워’의 개념을 도입해 모니터 각도 조절에 따른 심리적 파워가 정보처리에 미치는 영향을 다루었다. 연구 설계 및 방법론: 실험은 3(모니터 각도: 50o vs. 70o vs .90o)의 피험자 간 설계(between-subjects design)를 사용하였다. 종속변수로서 정보처리 성과는 주의와 기억으로서 측정되었다. 각 조건 간 주의와 기억에 차이가 있는지 보기 위해 ANOVA와 계획된 대조가 진행되었다. 분석 및 연구 결과: 실험 결과 모니터 각도가 작아질수록 화면을 내려다보게 되고 이로 인해 높아진 심리적 파워감이 후속 정보처리를 방해함이 밝혀졌다. 화면 속 광고를 쳐다본 시간으로 주의를 측정한 결과, 50o의 모니터에서 광고를 본 피험자는 70o의 모니터에서 광고를 본 피험자 보다 짧게 광고를 쳐다보았으며, 90o의 모니터에서 광고를 본 피험자는 70o의 모니터에서 광고를 본 피험자보다 오랫동안 광고를 쳐다본 것으로 나타났다. 모니터 각도에 따라 피험자가 화면 속 광고 정보를 기억한 정도에도 유의한 차이가 발생하였는데 70o의 모니터에서 광고를 본 피험자보다 50o의 모니터에서 광고를 본 피험자가 광고 속 정보를 덜 기억하였으며, 90o의 모니터에서 광고를 본 피험자가 70o의 모니터에서 광고를 본 피험자보다 광고 속 정보를 더 잘 기억한 것으로 나타났다. 시사점 및 연구의 한계점: 컴퓨터의 성능과 사양이 동일하다고 하더라도 모니터의 변화만으로 정보처리 능력이 달라짐을 보임으로써 컴퓨터의 활용에 있어 얼마나 사용자의 특성을 살펴보는 것이 중요한지를 보여주고 있는데, 이는 다른 기기의 사용에 있어서도 사용자의 지각적 반응이 매우 중요하게 다루어져야 함을 시사한다고 볼 수 있다. 모니터 각도에 따라 심리적 파워가 달라져 정보처리가 영향을 받는다고 하였으나 실제 심리적 파워감을 측정하지 않았다는 점이 한계로 남는다. 향후 연구방향: 사용자의 체화된 인지가 사용자 반응에 미치는 영향인 만큼 사용자 반응을 작업 능력이 아닌 신체 생리적 지수로 측정하게 된다면 체화된 인지의 핵심인 ‘두뇌-마음-신체’간 강력한 연결 관계를 보다 구체적으로 보일 수 있을 것이다. 공헌점: 향후 기술 발전에 따라 기술이 결국 사용자의 사용상황에 따라 작업능력이 달라질 수 있고, 이는 선호도에 영향을 줄 수 있는 만큼, 공학 분야에서도 소비자 심리와 접목하는 융합연구가 필요한데 이에 좋은 연구 모델이 될 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
Purpose: Recently, the adjustment of the monitor angle to fit with computer users’characteristics is one of the major factors in the choice of monitors. Factors, such as adjustment of monitor angle which users readily perceive the technical improvement, can significantly affect users’ evaluation of the product because the benefit judgment is relatively easy. Current research investigates the effect of the monitor angle information processing(e.g., attention, recall) based on embodied cognition and psychological power perspective. Design/methodology/approach: An experiment used 3(Monitor angle: 50o vs. 70o vs .90o) between-subjects design with attention and recall as the dependent variables. ANOVA(Analysis of Variance)and planned contrasts were used to investigate the effect of monitor angle on information processing. Results/findings: The results of an experiment using a fictitious advertisement showed that participants attention and recall performance worsened as the monitor angel was decreased(i.e., 90o→70o→50o). Research implications/limitations: Current research found that the powerful feeling powerful generated by the adjustment of the monitor angle affected further information processing, even though computer specification and target advertisement were the same. This implies how it is important that technology considers users’psychological states and usage circumstance. This work has a limitation on the mediating analysis, that the results did not show the mediating effect of psychological power. Future work/research: Future work awaits for various mediators in the relationship between monitor angle and information processing. Based on the results, current research hopes that further studies investigate the convergence of technology and consumer psychology in order to enhance users’ satisfaction by consideration of users’ characteristics and usage environment. Originality/value: This study sheds light on the research regarding the convergence of engineering and consumer psychology.
참고문헌 (55)
- Anderson, Michael L., "Evolution, Embodiment, and the Nature of the Mind, In Beyond the Brain: Embodied, Situated and Distributed Cognition", pp.15~28 (2008), ambridge Scholars Publishing
- Bargh, John A., "Attractiveness of the Underling : An Automatic Power → Sex Association and Its Consequences for Sexual Harassment and Aggression", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(5), pp.768~781 (1995)
- Bargh, John A., "Automaticity of Social Behavior : Direct Effects of Trait Construct and Stereotype Activation on Action", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(8), pp.230~244 (1996)
- Barsalou, Lawrence W., "Perceptual Symbol Systems", Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22, pp.577~660 (1999)
- Barsalou, Lawrence W., "Grounded Cognition", Annual Review of Psychology, 59(1), pp.617~645 (2008)
- Barsalou, Lawrence W., "The Cambridge Handbook of Situated Cognition", pp.236~265 (2009), Cambridge University Press
- Barsalou, Lawrence W., "Social Embodiment, In The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 43)", pp.43~92 (2003), Academic Press
- Briñol, Pablo, "Embodied Persuasion: Fundamental Processes by which Bodily Responses Can Impact Attitudes, In Embodiment Grounding: Social, Cognitive, Affective, and Neuroscientific Approaches", pp.184~207 (2008), Cambridge University Press
- Briñol Pablo, "The Effects of Message Recipients’ Power before and after Persuasion : A Self-validation Analysis", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93(6), pp.1040~1053 (2007)
- Cacioppo, John T, "Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for Social Connection" (2008), W. W. Norton & Company
- Chambon, Michel, "Embodied Perceptions with Other’s Bodies in Mind : Stereotype Priming Influence on the Perception of Spatial Environment", Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45(1), pp.283~287 (2009)
- Chen, Serena, "Relationship Orientation as a Moderator of the Effects of Social Power", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(2), pp.173~187 (2001)
- Chen, Serena, "Power and Impression Formation : the Effects of Power on the Desire for Morality and Competence Information", Social Cognition, 22(4), pp.391~421 (2004)
- Decety, Jean, "Vegetative Response during Imagined Movement is Proportional to Mental Effort", Behavioral Brain Research, 42(1), pp.1~5 (1991)
- Decety, Jean, "Handbook of Social Neuroscience" (2011), Oxford University Press
- Dépret, Eric, "Perceiving the Powerful : Intriguing Individuals versus Threatening Groups", Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 35(5), pp.461~480 (1999)
- Dijksterhuis, Ap, "The Perception-Behavior Expressway: Automatic Effects of Social Perception and Social Behavior, In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 30", pp.1~40 (2001), Academic Press
- Emerson, Richard M., "Power Dependence Relations", American Sociological Review, 27(1), pp.31~41 (1962)
- Fiske, Susan T., "Attention and Weight in Person Perception : The Impact of Negative and Extreme Behavior", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(6), pp.889~906 (1980)
- Fiske, Susan T., "Controlling Other People : The Impact of Power in Stereotyping", American Psychologist, 48(6), pp.621~628 (1993)
- Fiske, Susan T., "Control Interdependence and Power: Understanding Social Cognition in Its Social Context, In European Review of Social Psychology, 7", pp.31~61 (1996), Wiley
- French, John R. P., "The Bases of Social Power, In Studies in Social Power", pp.150~167 (1959), University of Michigan Press
- Galinsky, Adam D., "From Power to Action", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(3), pp.453~466 (2003)
- Galinsky, Adam D., "Power and Perspectives Not Taken", Psychological Science, 17(12), pp.1068~1074 (2006)
- Galinsky, Adam D., "Power Reduces the Press of the Situation : Implications for Creativity, Conformity, and Dissonance", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(6), pp.1450~1466 (2008)
- Goodwin. Stephanie A., "Power Can Bias Impression Processes : Stereotyping Subordinates by Default and by Design", Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 3(3), pp.227~256 (2000)
- Holman, Rebecca H., "Advertising Impact: Creative Elements Affecting Brand Saliency, In Current Issues and Research in Advertising", pp.157~172 (1983), University of Michigan Press
- Jeannerod, Marc, "The Representing Brain: Neural Correlates of Motor Intention and Imagery", Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 17, pp.187~245 (1994)
- Jeannerod, Marc, "The Cognitive Neuroscience of Action" (1997), OX
- Labroo, Aparna A., "Half the Thrill Is in the Chase : Twisted Inferences from Embodied Cognitions and Brand Evaluation", Journal of Consumer Research, 37(1), pp.143~158 (2010)
- Lammers, Joris, "Differentiating Social and Personal Power : Opposite Effects on Stereotyping, but Parallel Effects on Behavioral Approach Tendencies", Psychological Science, 20(12), pp.154~349 (2009)
- Lavidge, Robert J., "A Model for Predictive Measurements of Advertising Effectiveness", Journal of Marketing, 25(2), pp.59~62 (1961)
- Lee, Angela, Y., "Embodiment and Perspective Taking", Proceedings of Association for Consumer Research Annual Conference (2010)
- MacInnis, Deborah J., "Information Processing from Advertisements : Toward an Integrative Framework", Journal of Marketing, 53(4), pp.1~23 (1989)
- 민동원, "From Thinking to Action: The Moderating Effect of Perspective Taking on Embodied Cognition", 아시아마케팅저널, 15(2), pp.117~132 (2013), 한국마케팅학회
- 민동원, "사용자의 숙련도와 컴퓨터 성능에 대한 만족도 관계 분석", 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지, 17(6), pp.378~382 (2011), 한국정보과학회
- 민동원, "심리적 파워가 브랜드 확장 제품의 스테레오타이핑에 미치는 영향", 광고학연구, 23(7), pp.35~60 (2012), 한국광고학회
- Niedenthal, Paula M., "Embodiment in Attitudes, Social Perception, and Emotion", Personality and Social Psychology Review, 9, pp.184~211 (2005)
- Niedenthal, Paula M., "Embodied Emotion Concepts", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96, pp.1120~1136 (2009)
- Poirier, Pierre, "Evolutionary Embodied Cognitive Science, In Beyond the Brain: Embodied, Situated and Distributed Cognition", pp.29~46 (2008), Cambridge Scholars Publishing
- Overbeck, Jennifer R., "When Power Does Not Corrupt : Superior Individuation Processes Among Powerful Perceivers", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(4), pp.549~565 (2001)
- Preacher, Kristopher J., "SPSS and SAS Procedures for Estimating Indirect Effects in Simple Mediation Models", Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers, 36(4), pp.717~731 (2004)
- Preacher, Kristopher J., "Asymptotic and Resampling Strategies for Assessing and Comparing Indirect Effects in Multiple Mediator Models", Behavior Research Methods and Computers, 40(3), pp.879~891 (2008)
- Proffitt, Dennis R., "Embodied Perception and the Economy of Action", Psychological Science, 1(2), pp.110~122 (2006)
- Provine, Robert R., "Yawning as a Stereotypical Action Pattern and Releasing Stimulus", Ethology, 71, pp.109~122 (1986)
- Rucker, Derek D., "Generous Paupers and Stingy Princes : Power Drives Consumer Spending on Self and Others", Journal of Consumer Research, 37(6), pp.1015~1029 (2011)
- Schubert, Thomas W., "Your Highness: Vertical Positions as Perceptual Symbols of Power", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(1), pp.1~21 (2005)
- Schuchhardt, Matthew, "Understanding the Impact of Laptop Power Saving Options Using Physiological Sensors", Proceeding of International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED) (2012)
- Smith, Pamela K., "Lacking Power Impairs Executive Functions", Psychological Science, 19(5), pp.441~447 (2008)
- Wheeler, S. Christian, "Think unto Others: The Self-Destructive Impact of Negative Racial Stereotypes", Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 37, pp.173~180 (2001)
- Wheeler, S. Christian, "Understanding the Role of the Self in Prime-to-Behavior Effects: The Active-Self Account", Personality and Social Psychology Review, 11(3), pp.234~261 (2007)
- Wilson, Margaret, "Six Views of Embodied Cognition", Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 9(4), pp.625~636 (2002)
- Wohlschlager, Andreas, "Mental and Manual Rotation", Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24, pp.397~412 (1998)
- Yang, Lei, "HAPPE: Human and Application Driven Frequency Scaling for Processor Power Efficiency", IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing (TMC)
- Zhong, Chen-Bo, "Cold and Lonely: Does Social Exclusion Literally Feel Cold?", Psychological Science, 19(9), pp.838~842 (2008)
