Seasonality and epidemiological trends in species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species isolated from various clinical specimens conducted during 2011–2022, Korea: a retrospective surveillance study
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Background: As most Candida species cause opportunistic infections, it is helpful for patientcare to determine species name of Candida spp. and their distribution in both sterile andnon-sterile specimens. We aimed to investigate trends in the distribution of Candida speciesisolated from a hospital in Korea, along with their antifungal susceptibilities and seasonalvariations. Methods: This study was conducted at the Chung-Ang University Hospital and included8,760 different clinical specimens from March 2011 to December 2022. Identification of thefungal species and its antifungal susceptibility testing were performed using VITEK 2 ID-YSTsystem for six drugs: amphotericin B, caspofungin, fluconazole, voriconazole, micafungin, andflucytosine. Results: The most common fungal species was Candida albicans. The C. albicans positivityrate gradually increased from 2012 to 2022. Since 2020, however, this trend reversed and thenon-albicans Candida (NAC) superseded the count of C. albicans. Among the NAC, C. glabratashowed significant increase. When a weekly analysis was performed, C. glabrata was evenlydistributed without any noticeable peak; however, the positive rate decreased from lateDecember to early January across all years. Conclusion: Monitoring of future trends should necessarily be continued. Our findingsrevealed that the positive rate for Candida was the lowest in the months of December andJanuary of the studied years, which can be attributed to environmental factors. However,further research needs to be conducted
Abstract
Background: As most Candida species cause opportunistic infections, it is helpful for patientcare to determine species name of Candida spp. and their distribution in both sterile andnon-sterile specimens. We aimed to investigate trends in the distribution of Candida speciesisolated from a hospital in Korea, along with their antifungal susceptibilities and seasonalvariations. Methods: This study was conducted at the Chung-Ang University Hospital and included8,760 different clinical specimens from March 2011 to December 2022. Identification of thefungal species and its antifungal susceptibility testing were performed using VITEK 2 ID-YSTsystem for six drugs: amphotericin B, caspofungin, fluconazole, voriconazole, micafungin, andflucytosine. Results: The most common fungal species was Candida albicans. The C. albicans positivityrate gradually increased from 2012 to 2022. Since 2020, however, this trend reversed and thenon-albicans Candida (NAC) superseded the count of C. albicans. Among the NAC, C. glabratashowed significant increase. When a weekly analysis was performed, C. glabrata was evenlydistributed without any noticeable peak; however, the positive rate decreased from lateDecember to early January across all years. Conclusion: Monitoring of future trends should necessarily be continued. Our findingsrevealed that the positive rate for Candida was the lowest in the months of December andJanuary of the studied years, which can be attributed to environmental factors. However,further research needs to be conducted
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