魏晋唐宋时期“朝隐”思想的演变

Abstract

The contradiction between "Official career" and "Hermit" has always been an eternal topic that plagued ancient literati. The emergence of the "Chao Yin" thought is the result of the conflict between the monarchy and the scholars in the authoritarian system. After Dongfang Shuo put forward the view of "Chao Yin", there were many inherited developments in later generations, and concepts such as "Xin Yin", "Li Yin", "Zhong Yin", and "Jiu Yin" appeared successively. Ruan Ji's "Xin Yin" emphasizes inner peace; Wang Wei's "Li Yin" emphasizes the balance between professionalism and seclusion; Bai Juyi's "Zhongyin" is the neutrality of Da Yin and Xiao Yin; Su Shi's "wine secret" is based on his predecessors to achieve inner transcendence with the help of wine. "Chao Yin", as an alternative way of seizing both "Official career" and "Hermit", During the evolution of later generations, along with the changes in society and the mentality of scholars, the following characteristics have emerged: First, the practice method of "chao yin" thought is more concrete and distinctive; Second, in the "chao-yin" thought, the themes of "chao" and "yin" have changed; Third, the spirit of resistance of the "chao-yin" ideology gradually faded; Fourth, the degree of recognition and acceptance of the "chao-yin" ideology has gradually increased. The evolution of "Chao Yin" thought is an inevitable consequence of the development of social political and cultural thoughts, and is an important part of traditional hermit culture. The rich and splendid hermit culture created during the development and evolution of the "Chao Yin" thought is of positive significance. As a method of behavior, "Chao Yin" is characterized by the choice of a detachment from the absolute opposition between "Official career" and "Hermit", and maintains a sense of normality between 'go forward' and 'give in' It is of practical significance in any era.