피에르 벨의 정치사상 : 공화주의자에서 절대왕정 지지자로
The Political Thought of Pierre Bayle: From the Republican to the Absolute Monarchist
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The political thought of Pierre Bayle represent the anguish and desire of Huguenot who take decisive action as émigrés and immigrants after revocation of Edict of Nantes(l'édit de Fontainebleau) In 『Ce que c'est que la France toute Catholique, sous le Régne de Loüis le Grand』(1686) Pierre Bayle expressed his resentment against manipulating system of French absolute Monarch. By contrast in his『Avis important aux réfugiés sur leur prochain retour en France』(1690) Pierre Bayle exposed different opinion to the absolute monarchy. This duality also appears in 『Dictionnaire historique et critique』(1696-7) as philosophical radicalism and political conservatism. Pierre Bayle rejected the theory of people's sovreignty which insisted the right of resistance of people and dethronement of Despot and he didn't accept Monarcomach's argument that recognize right of lower magistrate and nobility could to stand up their sovereign. So Bayle rejected these theories because they are originated from a theologico-political conception. Bayle thought that in the period of religious war the democratic republic is possible only as an utopian state, so the perfect equality is can not required in reality. The most important function of state are break off the inclination of man for anarchy. But the threat of disorder would continue in the world. Bayle thought that the absolute monarchy which is not restrained by constitutional institutions could serve and present the security to majority of citizen as well as possible.
Abstract
The political thought of Pierre Bayle represent the anguish and desire of Huguenot who take decisive action as émigrés and immigrants after revocation of Edict of Nantes(l'édit de Fontainebleau) In 『Ce que c'est que la France toute Catholique, sous le Régne de Loüis le Grand』(1686) Pierre Bayle expressed his resentment against manipulating system of French absolute Monarch. By contrast in his『Avis important aux réfugiés sur leur prochain retour en France』(1690) Pierre Bayle exposed different opinion to the absolute monarchy. This duality also appears in 『Dictionnaire historique et critique』(1696-7) as philosophical radicalism and political conservatism. Pierre Bayle rejected the theory of people's sovreignty which insisted the right of resistance of people and dethronement of Despot and he didn't accept Monarcomach's argument that recognize right of lower magistrate and nobility could to stand up their sovereign. So Bayle rejected these theories because they are originated from a theologico-political conception. Bayle thought that in the period of religious war the democratic republic is possible only as an utopian state, so the perfect equality is can not required in reality. The most important function of state are break off the inclination of man for anarchy. But the threat of disorder would continue in the world. Bayle thought that the absolute monarchy which is not restrained by constitutional institutions could serve and present the security to majority of citizen as well as possible.
참고문헌 (43)
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