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인지 및 기억 개선 기능성 식품으로서 산사의 효과

Investigating the effect of Crataegus pinnatifida, a functional food, on cognition and memory deficit

김혜정|이찬희|박상혁|백경연|정지욱|이지혜|정철종|신진기
한국식품저장유통학회 (The Korean Society of Food Preservation)|2019.04|Food Science and Preservation|제26권 제2호|pp. 238-245

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memoryamnesiaCrataegus pinnatifidascopolamine
주제분류식품과학

초록

본 연구에서는 60% 프레타놀을 이용하여 60℃에서 5시간 1회 추출한 산사를 이용하여 영양성분 및 항산화능을 평가하고, 인지 및 기억력 개선 효과를 무스카린 수용체 저해제인 scopolamine 투여한 마우스 모델에서 행동 실험을 통하여 규명하며 마우스 뇌를 이용하여 AChE 저해능을 평가하였다. 산사에는 탄수화물 및 당류가 높고 지질류가 적으며 총 플라보노이드 함량이 풍부하여 약용식품으로 가치가 높은 것을 확인하였다. 이를 건강기능식품으로 대량 생산하기 쉬운 분무 건조물을 이용하여 Y 미로 시험, 수동 회피 시험, 모리스 수중 미로 시험을 통하여 산사의 인지 및 기억 개선 효과를 확인하였다. 이에 대한 기전을 확인한 결과 산사 추출물이 AChE를 억제하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과를 토대로 산사 60% 프레타놀 추출물이 인지 및 기억력 개선 효과를 가지는 건강기능식품으로의 개발 또는 섭취에 대한 중요성을 강조할 수 있는 근거 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Abstract

Crataegus pinnatifida (hawthorn) is highly popular as a pleasant-tasting functional food and herb that can also be used for treating cardiovascular diseases. The improvements in learning and memory brought about by C. pinnatifida have been investigated, and the mechanism of action in scopolamine-induced amnesia model in mice was elucidated. C. pinnatifida extract was orally administered to the mice, and scopolamine, a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, was injected 30 min before the Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze test. It was observed that C. pinnatifida extract improved the percentage of spontaneous alternation, increased the step-through latency, and shortened the escape latency, respectively. C. pinnatifida extract contained 380.70 kcal energy, which had contributions from carbohydrate (92.5%), sugars (92.4%), crude protein (1.1%) and crude fat (0.7%). Polyphenol and flavonoid contents assessed using Folin-Denis’ reagent and aluminium nitrate revealed 9.8±0.3 mg tannic acid equivalent/g of polyphenol and 18.9±0.4 mg quercetin equivalent/g of flavonoid, respectively. Furthermore, C. pinnatifida extract inhibited acetylcholinesterase in the whole brain. Taken together, this study demonstrated that C. pinnatifida ameliorated memory and cognitive function, indicating that it might be useful as a functional food and could also be an efficient candidate as an anti-amnesia agents.

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