미·소 군정기 중국공산당 언론의 남한인식 - 1946~1948년 人民日報 기사를 중심으로 -

Abstract

This paper is planed to consider in all the aspects how the U.S. Military Government in Korea appreciated South Korea after the Second World War through the Korea-related articles covered in the People’s Daily, which had been the official organ of the Chinese Communist Party. It reported in detail news about Korea such as an occupation policy by the U.S. and Soviet military government, the activities of the Joint Soviet-American Commission, an approach on Korean issues in the U.N., an argument of simultaneous military withdrawal by the U.S.S.R., the country’s political or economic situations, and the formation of a new government in Korea. These historical and consecutive considerations could cause the study to appreciate if the Communist regime in China supported the U.S. Military Government in Korea and how it coped with the situation in the formative period of the Cold War. The Joint Soviet-American Commission, which intended to discuss Korea’s postwar independence, was held twice but both negotiations broke down for the reason each country held its ground. The two nations originally indulged themselves in seeking blind devotion to the cause more helpful to strengthen their own influence than Korea’s independence or unification. The People’s Daily did have collective editorial opinions that the States modified its strategic focus in East Asia, which was meant to build an forward base against the U.S.S.R., into South Korea or Japan from the Chiang Kai-shek regime. By the time of the Cold War beginning, the Daily wrote its stories toward the U.S. with a critical eye. When the Commission broke down, America tried to deal with Korean matters in the U.N., while the Soviet Union made proposals for demanding troop withdrawal concurrently between the two nations and holing the general election simultaneously in Korean Peninsula. The newspaper defined single government by South Korea to be enslaved by American imperialism and also showed an aggressive attitude on opposing it; on the other hand, it clarified its position of a fierce advocate for the Soviet Union in the sense that China in a civil war was also going to face the same crisis in the foreseeable future. The political state and economic climate in whole South Korea described in the Daily was as in the follows: the U.S. military government strongly denied the Provisional Government of Korea and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and retained most colonial organizations by Japan. These dangerous policies brought about people in South Korea region to distrust the U.S. There was some military government’s mishandling of the economy. Most of all, the division of Korea into the North and the South threw the South into confusion due to its dependence upon the North. The U.S. did not try to make South Korea achieve political and financial independence. Korea was simply occupied territory in the U.S. The U.S. military government had no choice but to provide the leftist factions in south with a cause for the resistance movement against itself. The movement forced their activities to be blocked. In short, South Korea was the first victim after the war and it was difficult for it to build a democratic and unified nation independently. A series of lessons from the Korean Peninsula illustrated what is the very urgent problems of the Chinese Communist Party, that is, rejecting the foreign power and winning its intrinsic stability.