광양 성불사의 역사문화적 가치와 위상
The Historical and Cultural Value and Status of Seongbulsa Buddhist Temple in Gwangyang
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본고에서는 광양의 역사와 불교에 대한 관심이 환기되는 기회를 제시하기 위해 성불사가 가진 역사문화적 가치를 살피는 것뿐만 아니라 현재적 역할도 함께 고려해 보았다. 이에 먼저 성불사가 위치한 광양 및 백운산의 위치적 특징과 함께 성불사 출토유물의 역사성을 살폈다. 특히 그간의 연구와 보고들에서 사찰의 창건을 도선과의 관련성 속에서만 언급하면서 성불사의 내력을 고려 이후부터 주목하고 있지만, 위치적 특성 상 후백제와의 관련을 상정할 수 있다는 점을 살펴 역사적 가치를 드러내 보았다. 이러한 시대성은 성불사가 현재 대한불교용화종의 종지를 잇고 있다는 점과도 함께 설명될 수 있다. 용화종은 후백제를 대표하는 사상인 진표(眞表)의 미륵신앙을 계승하고 있을 뿐만 아니라 창종의 과정에서 광양 백운산과의 관련성도 찾을 수 있기 때문이다. 이는 성불사의 한국불교사 상 의미를 찾을 수 있는 대목이기도 하다. 이와 함께 백운산과 그 일대를 ‘도선’이라는 키워드로 묶어 보존과 개발의 병행이 가능함을 제안해 보았다. 이 일대는 이미 ‘도선국사마을’로 지정되어 도선에 대한 선양과 함께 농촌체험마을로 운영되고 있기도 하다. 이에 성불사를 포함한 ‘도선문화벨트’ 조성의 가능성을 궁구해 보았다. 본고를 통해 광양 불교와 함께 성불사의 역사문화적 가치와 위상이 제고되기를 기대해본다.
Abstract
In this paper, in order to present an opportunity to arouse interest in Gwangyang's history and Buddhism, we not only examined the historical and cultural values of Seongbulsa Temple, but also considered its current role. First, the historical characteristics of the relics excavated from the Seongbulsa Temple have been examined along with the locational characteristics of Gwangyang and Baegunsan Mountain where the Seongbulsa Temple is located. In particular, the history of the Seongbulsa Temple has been paying attention since the Goryeo Dynasty, while mentioning the establishment of the Buddhist temple in relation to Doseon in previous studies and reports, and in this paper, the characteristics of the times as a traditional Buddhist temple were revealed by examining the fact that it can be assumed to be related to the Later Baekje due to its location. This characteristic of the times can be explained together with the fact that the Seongbulsa Temple continues the main doctrine of the Yonghwa Order of Korean Buddhism. This is because the Yonghak Order not only inherits the Maitreya belief of 'Jinpyo', an ideology representing the Later Baekje but also finds relevance to Gwangyang Baegunsan Mountain in the process of founding the Order. In addition, this paper proposes that conservation and development can be done simultaneously by tying up Baegunsan Mountain and its surrounding area with the keyword of ‘Do seon.’ This area has already been designated as 'Do seon Guksa Village' and is being operated as a rural experience village along with the exaltation for 'Do seon'. In this regard, this paper has investigated the possibility of creating a ‘Do seon Cultural Belt’ including the Seongbulsa Temple. Through this paper, we look forward to enhancing the historical and cultural value and status of Seongbulsa Temple along with Gwangyang Buddhism.
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