방글라데시 중소·중견 기업 애로점과 공적개발원조 개선요구 분석
A Study on Difficulties and ODA Improvement Demands of Bangladesh Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
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이 글은 방글라데시의 중소․중견기업들의 애로점과 공적개발원조(Official Development Assistance) 개선요구를 파악한 후 한국의 대(對) 방글라데시 ODA 개선방안을 도출하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 최근 ODA는 공여국의 경제적 이해와 수원국의 필요를 고려하는 동시에 수원국의 지속 가능한 성장에 기여하여 공생 가능성을 높이는 방향으로 추진되고 있다. 이와 관련하여 원조 방법의 중요 고려 사항은 민간 부분과의 협력이다. 따라서 이 글은 방글라데시 중소․중견기업은 물론 현지 한국기업들의 애로점과 ODA 개선요구를 파악하였다. 구조화 된 설문지로 복수 응답을 허용하여 해당 업체의 CEO 또는 핵심 관리자를 대상으로 기업의 애로점과 ODA 개선요구를 조사하였다. 조사 결과 기업들이 가장 어려움을 느끼는 분야는 자금조달의 어려움(22.7%), 전력공급(22.7%), 법률규제(18.2%)순으로 나타났다. ODA 개선요구가 가장 높은 분야는 전력공급(22.7%)과 물류(20.9%)분야였다. 본 설문조사를 IPA(Importance-Performance Analysis) 모형으로 분석한 결과 대(對) 방글라데시 사업 환경에서 애로점과 개선요구가 중첩되는 전력공급과 기업들의 개선 요구가 높은 물류 부분을 중심으로 ODA를 개선․보완할 필요가 있어 보인다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to find out the sustainable and win-win ODA strategy based on analysis of difficulties and ODA improvement demands by the small and medium-sized enterprises in Bangladesh. Recently, ODA is pursuing in a way to accommodate not only recipient countries’ needs, especially economic growth, but also economic interest of the donors. In this context, an important consideration of assistance way is cooperation with private sectors. Therefore, this study analysed difficulties and ODA improvement demands of Bangladesh small and medium-sized enterprises including Korean enterprises in the country. Bangladesh is one of the top ten recipients of Korean ODA. This research surveyed 30 Korean companies in Bangladesh and 25 companies of Bangladesh located in Dhaka and Chittagong. Out of the 50 companies, 34 are manufacturing and construction companies and 26 are in service sector. A structured questionnaire, allowing multiple answers, is hired for this research. The responders were the company’s CEO or corporate key managers. According to the survey result, the most difficult areas of the enterprises were financial problem (22.7%), power supply (22.7%) and regulatory issues (18.2%). The highest demand for ODA support was a power supply (22.7%) followed by logistics (20.9%). The result of IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) suggests that ODA to Bangladesh needs to improvement and supplement policies focusing on two important sectors, namely power supply and logistics. Because power supply sector is mentioned in both difficulties and ODA improvement demands, and logistics has the highest score among the improvement demands of the enterprises. One of the important findings of this study is that technology support is coincided in difficulties as well as ODA improvement demands among Bangladesh small and medium-sized enterprises unlike the Korean companies in Bangladesh. Therefore, when Korea provides ODA to Bangladesh companies, technology support program needs to be considered as an important package. Even though this study has a critical point, due to the limited number of sample size, to comprehend difficulties and ODA improvement demands by Bangladesh small and medium-sized enterprises including Korean ones, it will certainly contribute towards win-win partnership of ODA between Korea and Bangladesh for sustainable cooperation.
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