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Asymmetry in the Behavior of the Verbs Make, Let, and Help

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This paper looks into the interesting behavior of three verbs: make, let, and help. It investigates the asymmetry between make and let, on the one hand, and between make and help, on the other. Subsequently, it will show that the asymmetry is a natural result of the different force dynamic patterns of those verbs. Thus, this study explains the asymmetry phenomena employing Talmy’s(1988, 2003) force dynamics. In addition, it shows that the antagonist’s positive impingement or motion into impingement can be expressed by the instrument, not the antagonist’s negative impingement or motion out of impingement. (Chonbuk National University)

Abstract

This paper looks into the interesting behavior of three verbs: make, let, and help. It investigates the asymmetry between make and let, on the one hand, and between make and help, on the other. Subsequently, it will show that the asymmetry is a natural result of the different force dynamic patterns of those verbs. Thus, this study explains the asymmetry phenomena employing Talmy’s(1988, 2003) force dynamics. In addition, it shows that the antagonist’s positive impingement or motion into impingement can be expressed by the instrument, not the antagonist’s negative impingement or motion out of impingement. (Chonbuk National University)

참고문헌 (8)

  1. Lakoff, G., "Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things" (1990), University of Chicago Press
  2. Lee, H.-C., "The syntax and semantics of the Korean periphrastic causative construction" (1998), Hanshin Mwunhwasa
  3. Heechul Lee, "The Interclausal Syntactic and Semantic Relations of the Periphrastic Causative", 언어학, 15(4), pp.163~178 (2007), 대한언어학회
  4. Lee, Hee-chul, "The Schematic Representation of the Meanings of Periphrastic Causative Sentences in English and Korean", 영어영문학연구, 34(2), pp.269~284 (2008), 대한영어영문학회
  5. 이희철, "The Semantics of the Causee in the Periphrastic Causative Construction", 언어학, 16(3), pp.213~232 (2008), 대한언어학회
  6. 이희철, "The Application of the Concepts of Manipulation and Force Dynamics to Teaching of Some Meanings.", Studies in English Education, 14(2), pp.172~186 (2009), 글로벌영어교육학회
  7. Talmy, L., "Force dynamics in language and cognition", Cognitive Science, 12, pp.49~100 (1988)
  8. Talmy, L., "Toward a cognitive semantics: Concept Structuring Systems (Vol. 1)" (2003), The MIT Press

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