청년전사 입문식과 비극의 성-정치학
Rites of Passage of the Young Warriors and Sex-Politics in Greek Tragedy
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I will discuss the sex-politics between Greek tragedy and militaristic democracy, and rites of passage of the young warriors(ephebes), according to recent studies on Greek tragedy which focus on the democratic and social context of Athens. The goals of the Athenian polis at that time were to maintain the democratic political system, but also manage the aggressive wars to keep and strengthen the imperialism, the Delian League. This paradoxical(democratic but anti-democratic) society can be a kind of (quasi-)fascism which transforms the desire for social liberation into an aggressive nationalism, devastating effects on human life. Wilhelm Reich argues that there is a close connection between the mass psychology of fascism, and the repression and distortion of the sexual life of the broad masses such as women and the youth. According to Reich who insists that sexuality, or the libido, is the prime motor of psychic life, and its energy can be inverted into pathology and aggression, or war when it is repressed, it is no wonder that most Greek tragedies performed in the Great or City Dionysia were obsessive with the distorted relations of man-woman and parent-children, and had the sex-politics biased towards patriarchism. Heroes such as Agamemnon, Heracles and Pentheus in Greek tragedy are killed by only women like Clytaemnestra, Deinaera and Agave. Through these tragedies, women seem to be enemies of the Athenian male community to the ephebes. The Great or City Dionysia was a social and political event focused on those young warriors, and Athen’s youngest citizen-soldiers occupied a central role in this festival of self-representation. In my view, the goals of the festival and its tragedies were to separate the young(ephebes) from women’s breast, and then tie them to the male adult citizenry by transforming them into soldiers. My view coincides with Winkler’s argumentation that tragōidoi(tragic choristers) composing of the hoplite ephebes performed maritial dance mimicking the Phalanx.
Abstract
I will discuss the sex-politics between Greek tragedy and militaristic democracy, and rites of passage of the young warriors(ephebes), according to recent studies on Greek tragedy which focus on the democratic and social context of Athens. The goals of the Athenian polis at that time were to maintain the democratic political system, but also manage the aggressive wars to keep and strengthen the imperialism, the Delian League. This paradoxical(democratic but anti-democratic) society can be a kind of (quasi-)fascism which transforms the desire for social liberation into an aggressive nationalism, devastating effects on human life. Wilhelm Reich argues that there is a close connection between the mass psychology of fascism, and the repression and distortion of the sexual life of the broad masses such as women and the youth. According to Reich who insists that sexuality, or the libido, is the prime motor of psychic life, and its energy can be inverted into pathology and aggression, or war when it is repressed, it is no wonder that most Greek tragedies performed in the Great or City Dionysia were obsessive with the distorted relations of man-woman and parent-children, and had the sex-politics biased towards patriarchism. Heroes such as Agamemnon, Heracles and Pentheus in Greek tragedy are killed by only women like Clytaemnestra, Deinaera and Agave. Through these tragedies, women seem to be enemies of the Athenian male community to the ephebes. The Great or City Dionysia was a social and political event focused on those young warriors, and Athen’s youngest citizen-soldiers occupied a central role in this festival of self-representation. In my view, the goals of the festival and its tragedies were to separate the young(ephebes) from women’s breast, and then tie them to the male adult citizenry by transforming them into soldiers. My view coincides with Winkler’s argumentation that tragōidoi(tragic choristers) composing of the hoplite ephebes performed maritial dance mimicking the Phalanx.
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