재창조 음악치료 참여 척도 개발 및 타당화
Development and Validation of the Recreative Music Therapy Participation Scale
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 재창조 음악치료 활동을 수행하는 클라이언트의 참여 수준과 양상을 신뢰할 수 있고 타당하게 평가할 수 있는 재창조 음악치료 참여 척도(Recreative Music Therapy Participation Scale: RMTPS)를 개발하고 타당화하는 것이다. 이를 위해 기존 이론과 관련 문헌 검토 및 음악치료 전문가의 심층 면접과 내용타당도 자문 등을 거쳐 예비문항을 작성하였고, 이를 바탕으로 음악치료사를 대상으로 예비조사와 본조사를 실시하였다. 406명을 대상으로 수행한 예비조사에서는 탐색적 요인분석을 통해 5개 요인, 27개 문항을 추출하였고, 324명을 대상으로 한 본조사에서는 확인적 요인분석을 이용하여 ‘음악적 참여 행동’, ‘음악 향유’, ‘음악 교류’, ‘음악 기술’, ‘음악 구조 인지’의 5개 요인, 20개 문항을 확정하였다. 20개 문항에 대한 척도 분석 결과, 우수한 모형 적합과 선택된 5개 요인에 대하여 신뢰성과 타당성을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 재창조 음악치료 활동에 참여하면서 발생하는 음악적 성과를 체계적으로 평가하고 신뢰할 수 있는 타당한 도구를 국내 최초로 개발했다는 점에서 의의를 찾을 수 있다. 본 연구 결과는 치료 개입 및 평가에 대한 임상적 정보 제공과 증거기반 음악치료 연구를 위해 유용하게 사용될 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Recreative Music Therapy Participation Scale(RMTPS), a reliable and valid measure for assessing the level and patterns of participation in recreative music therapy activities performed by clients. The preliminary items were generated through a review of existing theories and relevant literature followed by in-depth interviews with experienced music therapists and the content validity consultation of music therapy professionals. In the preliminary survey, which involved 406 participants, exploratory factor analysis identified 5 factors and 27 items. In the main survey with 324 participants, confirmatory factor analysis was employed to finalize 5 factors and 20 items related to ‘musical participation behavior’, ‘music enjoyment’, ‘musical interaction’, ‘music skills’, and ‘music structure recognition.’ The results confirmed excellent model fit and reliability, as well as validity for the selected 5 factors. This study is significant as the first in Korea to develop a reliable and valid tool for systematically evaluating musical outcomes arising from participatory activities in recreative music therapy. The results of this study are expected to be valuable for providing clinical information for interventions and evaluations, as well as contributing to evidence-based music therapy research.
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