내분비교란물질 비스페놀 A를 처리한 마우스에서홍삼 추출물의 간 섬유화 개선
Red Ginseng Extract Improves Liver Fibrosis in Mice Treated with the Endocrine Disruptor Bisphenol A
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
BPA는 내분비교란물질로 널리 알려져 있다. BPA를 세포와실험동물에 처리하여 독성을 유도하고 이를 인삼 추출물들이BPA로 유도된 독성에 어떠한 영향을 미칠 것인지 살펴보았다. WGE, DGE, RGE에 대한 항산화능을 DPPH 분석법으로 측정하였다. DGE 및 RGE는 DPPH 소거 항산화 활성을 증가시켰다. 간암세포주 HepG2에 BPA 처리하여 세포독성을 유도하고, 이를인삼추출물에 의해 세포생존이 증가되는지 MTT법으로 측정하였다. BPA 200 μM 처리하여 유도된 세포독성에 DGE 및 RGE 는 세포 생존 능력을 증가시켰다. 실험동물에 BPA를 처리하여독성을 유도하고 이를 인삼추출물들이 방어하는지 살펴보았다. 혈청에서 간 손상 생화학적 마커인 AST와 ALT가 RGE 투여군에서 증가했다. 또한, 손상된 간세포 재생및 증식이 RGE 투여군에서 현저하게 증가하였다. 또한, RGE 주변 영역 및 간 미세 구조의 중심 정맥의 문맥에서 간 섬유화를 억제하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 RGE가 간 세포주에서 BPA로 유도된 세포독성을유의적으로 저해하였으며, 동물실험을 통하여 BPA에 의해 손상된 간에서 RGE가 간의 보호와 간 조직 재생이 발생하는 것을확인하였다. 이 결과는 RGE가 외부에서 유입된 화학물질에 대한 간 손상 개선제로 사용될 수 있음을 보여준다. 그러므로,RGE는 환경 독성 물질로 인한 질환 치료 약물에 대한 잠재적인후보가 될 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a known endocrine disruptor, induces toxicity in cells and in experimental animals. Ginseng extracts were evaluated to determine whether they can inhibit BPA-induced toxicity. The antioxidant activity of fresh ginseng extract (WGE), dried white ginseng extract (DGE), and dried red ginseng extract (RGE) was measured using the DPPH assay. WGE and RGE increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Cell viability was measured in HepG2 cells following treatment with BPA and ginseng extracts using the MTT assay. DGE and RGE increased HepG2 cell viability following treatment with 200 μM BPA. RGE reduced levels of biochemical markers of liver damage, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) that increased in mice following treatment with BPA. In addition, the regeneration and proliferation of damaged liver cells were significantly increased in RGE-treated mice. Moreover, RGE inhibited hepatic fibrosis in the surrounding area and in the central vein of the liver microstructure. RGE also significantly inhibited BPA-induced cytotoxicity. In addition, RGE protected liver damage and regenerated liver tissues in BPA-treated animals. These results show that RGE may represent a potential candidate drug for the treatment and prevention of liver damage caused by environmental toxins.
참고문헌 (31)
- Abdel-Wahhab, M. A., "Red ginseng extract protects against aflatoxin B1 and fumonisins-induced hepatic pre-cancerous lesions in rats", Food. Chem. Toxicol, 48, pp.733~742 (2010)
- Baillie-Hamilton, P.F., "Chemical toxins: a hypothesis to explain the global obesity epidemic", J. Altern. Complement Med, 8, pp.185~192 (2002)
- 방창석, "Effects of Korean Red Ginseng (Panax ginseng), urushiol (Rhus vernicifera Stokes), and probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 and Lactobacillus acidophilus R0052) on the guteliver axis of alcoholic liver disease", Journal of Ginseng Research, 38(3), pp.167~172 (2014), 고려인삼학회
- Blois, M.S., "Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical", Nature, 181, pp.1199~1200 (1958)
- Di Sario, A., "Effect of pirfenidone on rat hepatic stellate cell proliferation and collagen production", J. Hepatol, 37, pp.584~591 (2002)
- Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., "Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: an Endocrine Society scientific statement", Endocr. Rev, 30, pp.293~342 (2009)
- Grun, F., "Environmental obesogens:organotins and endocrine disruption via nuclear receptor signaling", Endocrinology, 147, pp.s50~s55 (2006)
- Jae-Hyeok Heo, "Improvement of Cognitive Deficit in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients by Long Term Treatment with Korean Red Ginseng", Journal of Ginseng Research, 35(4), pp.457~461 (2011), 고려인삼학회
- 황의경, "사염화탄소 투여로 인한 랫드의 급성 간 손상에 대한 루틴의 예방 효과", 한국임상수의학회지, 30(1), pp.12~16 (2013), 한국임상수의학회
- Hwang, J. T., "Antiobesity effect of ginsenoside Rg3 involves the AMPK and PPAR‐γ signal pathways", Phytother. Res, 23, pp.262~266 (2009)
- Jenkins, S., "A dimethylnitrosamine-induced model of cirrhosis and portal hypertension in the rat", J. Hepatol, 1, pp.489~499 (1985)
- Kaneko, H., "Proof of the mysterious efficacy of ginseng: basic and clinical trials: clinical effects of medical ginseng, Korean red ginseng: specifically, its anti-stress action for prevention of disease", J. Pharmacol. Sci, 95, pp.158~162 (2004)
- Kavlock, R. J., "Research needs for the risk assessment of health and environmental effects of endocrine disruptors: a report of the US EPA-sponsored workshop", Environ. Health. Persp, 104, pp.715~ (1996)
- 기성환, "Red ginseng extract protects against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis", Journal of Ginseng Research, 37(1), pp.45~53 (2013), 고려인삼학회
- Kim, H. Y., "Comparison of the effects of Korean ginseng and heat-processed Korean ginseng on diabetic oxidative stress", Am. J. Chin. Med, 36, pp.989~1004 (2008)
- Kretschmer, X.C., "CAR and PXR:xenosensors of endocrine disrupters?", Chem. Biol. Interact, 155, pp.111~128 (2005)
- 이덕희, "내분비교란물질과 환경성질환", 대한의사협회지, 55(3), pp.243~249 (2012), 대한의사협회
- Lee, H. J., "Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) improves insulin sensitivity and attenuates the development of diabetes in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rats", Metabolism, 58, pp.1170~1177 (2009)
- 이정숙, "홍삼 추출물이 두부의 저장성과 항산화 활성에 미치는 영향", 한국식품영양과학회지, 37(11), pp.1497~1506 (2008), 한국식품영양과학회
- Lee, S., "Ginsenoside Rg3 reduces lipid accumulation with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation in HepG2 cells", Int. J. Mol. Sci, 13, pp.5729~5739 (2012)
- Lee, S.H., "Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) improves insulin sensitivity in high fat fed Sprague-Dawley rats", Phytother. Res, 26, pp.142~147 (2012)
- Olaso, E., "Molecular regulation of hepatic fibrogenesis", J. Hepatol, 29, pp.836~847 (1998)
- 박혜진, "홍삼과 발효홍삼의 항염증 작용 및 항알러지 효과 비교", 한국자원식물학회지, 23(5), pp.415~422 (2010), 한국자원식물학회
- Quan, H. Y., "Ginsenoside Re lowers blood glucose and lipid levels via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in HepG2cells and high-fat diet fed mice", Int. J. Mol. Med, 29, pp.73~80 (2012)
- 서은영, "Red Ginseng Extract Reduced Metastasis of Colon Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo", Journal of Ginseng Research, 35(3), pp.315~324 (2011), 고려인삼학회
- 손은화, "홍삼의 생체 내 사이토카인 분비에 대한 면역조절효과", 한국자원식물학회지, 25(5), pp.578~585 (2012), 한국자원식물학회[DOI]
- 성수경, "Lactobacillus acidophilus을 이용한 홍경천과 홍삼 혼합 발효물의 이화학적 특성 및 항산화 활성", 한국식품영양학회지, 26(3), pp.358~365 (2013), 한국식품영양학회[DOI]
- Svegliati Baroni, G., "Fibrogenic effect of oxidative stress on rat hepatic stellate cells", Hepatology, 27, pp.720~726 (1998)
- Vandenberg, L. N., "Bisphenol-A and the great divide: a review of controversies in the field of endocrine disruption", Endocr. Rev, 30, pp.75~95 (2009)
- Wang, L., "Protective effects of ginsenosides against bisphenol A-induced cytotoxicity in 15P-1 sertoli cells via extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1", 2 signalling and antioxidant mechanisms, 2012, pp.111, 42~49
- Xu, Y., "Regulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 by cytokines and oxygen free radicals in rat hepatic fat-storing cells", Gastroenterology, 110, pp.1870~1877 (1996)