백악질 형성에 관한 이해와 전망
Current understanding in cementogenesis
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초록
치아와 치아주위조직을 구성하는 경조직 -법량질， 상아질， 백악질， 뼈 -은 하나의 기능적 단위로 작용함으로써 악골에부착된 치아가 적절한 저작기능을 할 수있게 한다. 이러한 경조직의 하나인 백악질은 치근을 피개하여 치주인대의 부착지점이 되는데， 저작 중 가해지는 힘은 백악질과 치주인대의 부착을 통해 효과적으로 악골에 전달될 수 있다. 백악질 이 매개하는 치아의 부착 및 지지가소실되면， 치아의 동요.7} 일어나게 되며심한 경우 치아가 상실되기도 한다 이러한 부착의 소실은 비교적 흔히 발생하여 30 세 이상 성인의 약 30%가 치주질환에 대한 치료가 필요한 것으로 조사되기도 하였다1) 대부분의 경우 한번 파괴된 치주조직은 회복되기 어려운 것으로알려져 있지만， 인구의 노령화와 더불어병적 증상의 완화 뿐 아니라 치주조직의 재생에 대한 요구가 증가되고 있다 이러한 이유로 백악질에 대한 관심과 기대가 증가되고 있는 가운데， 백악질과 뼈의 차이 규명， 백악모세포 분화인자 및재생인자의 탐색 등에 관한 연구가 진행되고있다.
Abstract
There are 4 hard tissues that composes tooth root and it’s surro unding tissues. They shows simi1arities but distinct characteristics between them. Tooth cementum is one of hard tissues that covers the root enab1es attachment of periodonta1 1igament to the surface of the root. These cementum functions in anchoring and adaptation of tooth and its 10ss cause patho10gica1 10ss of tooth. Despite of its theoretica1 and practica1 significance , we faced a difficu1ty on under standing of cementum from its complicate characteristics and mechanisms of formation. In this situation. we need to check our advancement of knowledge about cementum. In here , distinct characteristics of cementum is shown with a concomitant feature of bone. And a1so classification of cementum that can't be firm1y defined for its comp1exity is introduced that can be associated with distinct composition and its genesis. As cementum deposits on to developing root surface , cementogenesis shou1d be considered with root deve10pment and it is described here with disputes of cementob1ast ongm. In addition as a candidate regu1atory mo1ecules of cementogeneis , ename1 matrix proteins and pyrophosphate regu1ators are shown. Although we n eed much more things to do to revea1 cementum as a distinct tissue from the know1edge of comprehensive understanding of cementogenesis and it’s regulation we get find more effect way to regenerate cementum.
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