이탈리아의 자유라디오운동
Free Radio (‘radio libri’) Movement in Italy
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This article aims to describe the Free Radio(‘radio libri’) Movement in Italy and tries to find concrete activities of free radios. In Italy, the 68 revolution of student movement went hand in hand with worker’s movement, and social movement as named Autonomia movement continued all through the 1970s. Worker’s movement has been combined with social struggles, counter-cultural movements of youth-students emerged actively. And followed different sqautting movements, separatistic feminist movement, auto-reduction movement, and so on. With those movements developed the free radio movement as media struggle. Since 1976, i.e. the liberation of airwaves as the result of decision of the supreme court, free radios had been activated and arrived about three thousand through the country. Among them, socialistic radios were made up of 20%. These radios brought about the change of media operation and broadcasting system. Among the distinguished examples, I took up ‘Radio Alice’ as a agent of movement like a flash and ‘Radio Popolare’ as a transversal forum of multitude, which is broadcasting now. Radio Alice had broadcasted for one year and one month, had tried the internal democratisation of the station. Radio Alice tried to destroy the normal broadcast language and wanted to broadcast the voice of desire. It organized receiver-groups and transmitted open broadcasting. It also used the trick way which revealed the true information by using the false information. Furthermore during the ’77 movement it broadcasted lively the mobile situation of police and demonstration mob by the way of phone-in. And it not only broadcasted the accident but also asserted itself. So it played the intelligence agent of movement. Hence it was closed enforcedly by the state. Radio Popolare has broadcasted from 1976 to now, wanted to be a forum for wide multitude. It was established by the cooperative of various supporters. It proceeded to the specialization but tried to maintain the internal democracy. It innovated the established way of broadcasting and performed various experiments of broadcasting. Furthermore it went beyond the accident reporting, suggested various issues around which receivers discussed, and broadcasted the discussing process itself. The Free Radio(‘radio libri’) Movement in Italy at 1970’s had expanded the different expressions of multitude based on their autonomy. And it contributed to the expansion of democracy by including the minorities. Many free radios had been commercialised at 1980’s, but several radios continued to broadcast. Now new media movement(telestreet movement) has emerged with the evolution of communication instruments.
Abstract
This article aims to describe the Free Radio(‘radio libri’) Movement in Italy and tries to find concrete activities of free radios. In Italy, the 68 revolution of student movement went hand in hand with worker’s movement, and social movement as named Autonomia movement continued all through the 1970s. Worker’s movement has been combined with social struggles, counter-cultural movements of youth-students emerged actively. And followed different sqautting movements, separatistic feminist movement, auto-reduction movement, and so on. With those movements developed the free radio movement as media struggle. Since 1976, i.e. the liberation of airwaves as the result of decision of the supreme court, free radios had been activated and arrived about three thousand through the country. Among them, socialistic radios were made up of 20%. These radios brought about the change of media operation and broadcasting system. Among the distinguished examples, I took up ‘Radio Alice’ as a agent of movement like a flash and ‘Radio Popolare’ as a transversal forum of multitude, which is broadcasting now. Radio Alice had broadcasted for one year and one month, had tried the internal democratisation of the station. Radio Alice tried to destroy the normal broadcast language and wanted to broadcast the voice of desire. It organized receiver-groups and transmitted open broadcasting. It also used the trick way which revealed the true information by using the false information. Furthermore during the ’77 movement it broadcasted lively the mobile situation of police and demonstration mob by the way of phone-in. And it not only broadcasted the accident but also asserted itself. So it played the intelligence agent of movement. Hence it was closed enforcedly by the state. Radio Popolare has broadcasted from 1976 to now, wanted to be a forum for wide multitude. It was established by the cooperative of various supporters. It proceeded to the specialization but tried to maintain the internal democracy. It innovated the established way of broadcasting and performed various experiments of broadcasting. Furthermore it went beyond the accident reporting, suggested various issues around which receivers discussed, and broadcasted the discussing process itself. The Free Radio(‘radio libri’) Movement in Italy at 1970’s had expanded the different expressions of multitude based on their autonomy. And it contributed to the expansion of democracy by including the minorities. Many free radios had been commercialised at 1980’s, but several radios continued to broadcast. Now new media movement(telestreet movement) has emerged with the evolution of communication instruments.
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