개방형 혁신전략을 통한 중소벤처기업의 신사업개발에 관한 탐색적 연구: 대학기술도입 사례
New Business Development of Small Venture Firms through Open Innovation Strategy: A Case of Acquiring Technology from University
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개방형 혁신이 확산되어감에 따라 기업들이 외부의 기술을 도입하는 사례들이확산되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 흡수능력 기반 기술도입 모형을 제시하고, 이에 기반하여 국내 중소벤처기업을 대상으로 한 심층인터뷰를 바탕으로, 기술도입을 통해 기존의 경험과 지식이 전혀 없는 신사업 분야를 개발하는 과정과 그 과정에서의 도전과제, 그것을 극복하기 위한 노력 과정에 대해 탐색하였다. 사례연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 새로운 기회를 포착한 기업이 외부로부터의 신기술 도입을 통해 신사업을 개발하기 위해서는 흡수능력이 매우 중요하다는점을 재확인할 수 있었다. 둘째, 외부로부터 도입한 기술을 활용하여 신사업이 안정적인 매출을 발생시킬 수 있는 단계까지 조직차원에서의 지속적 지원과 역량개발이 필수적인데, 이 과정에서 특히 잠재흡수단계에서의 흡수능력이 결정적인 역할을 하며, 개발자의 고용을 통한 학습, 개방형학습체계, 보완적 자산, 지식의 명시화 과정, 조직 내 갈등관리 및 신뢰형성이 중요한 솔루션이 될 수 있다는 것이다. 셋째, 신사업을 위해 아무리 좋은 신제품이 개발되어도 체계적인 마케팅 전략의 수립 및 실행, 명확한 성과측정 기준 설정 및 적절한 보상시스템, 조직 내의 커뮤니케이션 등이 제대로 이루어지지 못하면 좋은 성과를 기대하기 어려울 수 있다는 점을 확인하였다.
Abstract
Firms used to exploit acquisition of external technology as paradigm of open innovation is widely adopted for innovations. The paper suggests a new model of external technology acquisition based on the absorptive capacity and explores processes for a small venture firm to develop new business area distant from existing knowledge and experiences of it. We examine challenges facing the venture firm in the process of new business development and its effort to overcome them. Results of this case study are as follows; First, we could confirm an importance of the absorptive capacity in order to develop new business through acquisition of required technology from external sources. Second, it is essential for acquiring firms to develop organizational capabilities for stabilizing new business developed through external technology acquisition. To do so, organizations have to continue supporting organizational learning for absorbing acquired technology externally. In the process, the organizational absorptive capacity in the phase of potential absorption is critical. Thus, several solutions such as learning-by-hiring, open learning system,complementary assets, codification of knowledge, management of conflicts and trust within organizations could be necessary for developing potential absorptive capacity. Third, although a firm succeeds in developing new products with high performance, it could have difficulty in achieving good performance if it could not have systemic marketing planning and its implementation, setting up clear performance criteria and proper reward systems, well-working intraorganizational communication.
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