Death, Emotion, Gender and Identity in Greece
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The article examines emotion and identity in connection with Greek deathcult in an attempt to clarify certain political phenomena in the Mediterraneanarea. The cult of the dead is a common cultural pattern in the area. Why is thiscult so persistent? What is death cult and how does it manifest itself? Thearticle delves into its lasting importance in the Greek part of the cultural area,where the author has conducted several periods of fieldwork. To illustrate thepersistence of this cultural pattern, the characteristic aspects connected withdeath cult in Greek tradition are discussed: The comparison is based onfestivals, which are dedicated to deceased persons and domestic death ritualscombined with ancient sources. Based on them an analytical survey of therelationship between the death cult dedicated to deceased mediators in ancientand modern society, as it is manifested through laments, burials and the followingmemorial rituals is made. The modern domestic rituals people perform fortheir own dead influence the official ideological rituals, and vice versa, thedomestic rituals reflect public performances. A study of modern cult practicesreveals many parallels with the official cult of the ancients, and suggests ways in which modern rituals can throw new light upon the ancient rituals and viceversa. The article seeks to demonstrate how new ideologies must adjust toolder rituals and beliefs and how public and domestic rituals are connected. The article finally suggests how these similarities might represent a commonway of expression within a larger context in which the Mediterranean culturalmeaning of emotion is central.
Abstract
The article examines emotion and identity in connection with Greek deathcult in an attempt to clarify certain political phenomena in the Mediterraneanarea. The cult of the dead is a common cultural pattern in the area. Why is thiscult so persistent? What is death cult and how does it manifest itself? Thearticle delves into its lasting importance in the Greek part of the cultural area,where the author has conducted several periods of fieldwork. To illustrate thepersistence of this cultural pattern, the characteristic aspects connected withdeath cult in Greek tradition are discussed: The comparison is based onfestivals, which are dedicated to deceased persons and domestic death ritualscombined with ancient sources. Based on them an analytical survey of therelationship between the death cult dedicated to deceased mediators in ancientand modern society, as it is manifested through laments, burials and the followingmemorial rituals is made. The modern domestic rituals people perform fortheir own dead influence the official ideological rituals, and vice versa, thedomestic rituals reflect public performances. A study of modern cult practicesreveals many parallels with the official cult of the ancients, and suggests ways in which modern rituals can throw new light upon the ancient rituals and viceversa. The article seeks to demonstrate how new ideologies must adjust toolder rituals and beliefs and how public and domestic rituals are connected. The article finally suggests how these similarities might represent a commonway of expression within a larger context in which the Mediterranean culturalmeaning of emotion is central.
참고문헌 (80)
- Haspels, C. H. E, "Attic Black-figured Lekythoi. Vol. 1" (1936), de Boccard
- Aeschylus, "Vol. 1: Suppliant maidens, Persians (=Pers.), Seven against Thebes, Prometheus, Vol. 2: Agamemnon, Libation-Bearers (=Cho.), Eumenides, Fragments" (1946), Harvard University Press
- Alexiou, Margaret, "The Ritual Lament in Greek Tradition" (1974), Cambridge University Press
- Alexiou, Margaret, "Reappropriating Greek Sacrifice: homo necans or anthrōpos thusiazōn?", Journal of Modern Greek Studies, 8, pp.97~123 (1990)
- Alexiou, Margaret, "After antiquity: Greek language, myth, and metaphor" (2002), Cornell University Press
- Peter Jay, "The Greek Anthology. And Other Ancient Epigrams" (1986), Penguin Classics
- W. R. Paton, "The Greek Anthology. Vol. 2" (1953), Harvard University Press
- Beazley, J. D, "Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. Vols. 1-2" (1963), Clarendon Press
- Barber, Elizabeth Wayland, "The Dancing Goddesses: Folklore, Archaeology, and the Origins of European Dance" (2013), W. W. Norton
- Blok, H. Josine, "Solon of Athens: New Historical and Philosophical Approaches", pp.197~247 (2006), Brill
- Brown, Peter, "The Cult of the Saints: Its Rise and Function in Latin Christianity" (1982), The University of Chicago Press
- Burkert, Walter, "Greek Religion: Archaic and Classical" (1985), Basil Blackwell and Harvard University Press
- Caraveli, Anna, "Gender and Power in Rural Greece", pp.169~194 (1986), Princeton University Press
- Closterman, Wendy E, "Family Ideology and Family History: The Function of Funerary Markers in Classical Attic Peribolos Tombs", American Journal of Archaeology, 111, pp.633~652 (2007)
- Cuffel, Alexandra, "Håland", pp.143~169 (2008)
- Danforth, Loring M, "The Death Rituals of Rural Greece" (1982), Princeton University Press
- Demosthenes, "Orationes. Vols. 5-6" (1956), Harvard University Press
- Denzey, Nicola, "The Bone Gatherers : The Lost Worlds of Christian Women" (2007), Beacon Press
- Dowden, Ken, "Death and the Maiden. Girls’ Initiantion Rites in Greek Mythology" (1989), Routledge
- Dubisch, Jill, "In a Different Place : Pilgrimage, Gender, and Politics at a Greek Island Shrine" (1995), Princeton University Press
- Dutsch, Dorota, "Lament: Studies in the Ancient Mediterranean and Beyond", pp.258~279 (2008), Oxford University Press
- Eickelman, Dale F., "Moroccan Islam: Tradition and Society in a Pilgrimage Center" (1981), University of Texas Press
- Ekroth, Gunnel, "The Sacrificial Rituals of Greek Hero-Cults in the Archaic to the Early Hellenistic Periods" (2002), Centre international d’étude de la religion grecque antique
- Euripides, "Vol. 1: Iphigenia at Aulis, Rhesus, Hecuba , The Daughters of Troy, Helen, Vol. 2: Electra , Orestes , Iphigeneia in Taurica, Andromache, Cyclops" (1953), Heinemann
- Georgoudi, Stella, "La Commémoration. Colloque du centenaire", pp.73~89 (1988), Peeters Louvain
- Gilmore, David, "Honor and Shame and the Unity of the Mediterranean" (1987), American Anthropological Association
- Grunebaum, G. E. von, "Muhammadan Festivals" (1981), Curzon Press
- Gustafsson, Mai Lan, "War and Shadows: The Haunting of Vietnam" (2009), Cornell University Press
- Harris, V. William, "Rethinking the Mediterranean" (2006), Oxford University Press
- Harrison, Jane Ellen, "Themis" (1977), Merlin
- Herodotus, "Vol. 1" (1926), Harvard University Press
- Herzfeld, Michael, "Anthropology through the looking-glass: Critical ethnography in the margins of Europe" (1992), Cambridge University Press
- Hesiod, "The Homeric Hymns and Homerica" (1950), Heinemann
- Holst-Warhaft, Gail, "Dangerous Voices: Women’s Laments and Greek Literature" (1992), Routledge
- Holst-Warhaft, Gail, "The Cue for Passion: Grief and its Political Uses" (2000), Harvard University Press
- Horden, Peregrin, "The Corrupting Sea: a study of Mediterranean history" (2008), Oxford University Press
- Håland, Evy Johanne, "Ideologier og mentaliteter: En reise fra antikkens Hellas til det moderne Middelhavssamfunn", 석사, pp.1990
- Håland, Evy Johanne, "En historisk analyse av sammenhengen mellom gresk dødekult i dag og i antikken", Historisk Tidsskrift, 4(83), pp.559~591 (2004)
- Håland, Evy Johanne, "Rituals of Magical Rain-Making in Modern and Ancient Greece: A Comparative Approach", Cosmos: The Journal of the Traditional Cosmology Society, 17(2), pp.197~251 (2005)
- Håland, Evy Johanne, "Greske fester, Moderne og Antikke: En sammenlignende undersøkelse av kvinnelige og mannlige verdier" (2007), Norwegian Academic Press
- Håland, Evy Johanne, "From Water in Greek Religion, Ancient and Modern, to the Wider Mediterranean and Beyond", Comparative Civilizations Review, 56(1), pp.56~75 (2007)
- Håland, Evy Johanne, "Women, Pain and Death: Rituals and Everyday-Life on the Margins of Europe and Beyond", pp.34~62 (2008), Cambridge Scholars Publishing
- Håland, Evy Johanne, "Le “Petit Patrimoine” des Européens:Objets et valeurs du quotidien", pp.41~54 (2008), L’Harmattan
- Håland, Evy Johanne, "Emotion and Identity in Connection with Greek Death-Cult, Modern and Ancient", Ethnological Researches, 16, pp.183~236 (2011)
- Håland, Evy Johanne, "Rituals of Death and Dying in Modern and Ancient Greece : Writing History from a Female Perspective" (2014), Cambridge Scholars Publishing
- Homer, "The Iliad. Vols. 1-2" (1947), Harvard University Press
- Isaeus, "Orationes" (1957), Heinemann
- Kjeldstadli, Knut, "Den kritiske analyse. Festskrift til Ottar Dahl på 70-års-dagen den 5. januar 1994", pp.137~157 (1994), University Press
- Lawson, John Cuthbert, "Modern Greek Folklore and Ancient Greek Religion. A Study in Survivals" (1964), The University Press
- Loraux, Nicole, "Dictionnaire des Mythologies et des Religions des Sociétés traditionnelles et du Monde antique Vol. 1", pp.492~497 (1981), Flammarion
- Loraux, Nicole, "L’invention d’Athènes: Histoire de l’oraison funèbre dans ‘la citéclassique’" (1981), Mouton
- Lutz, Catherine A., "Language and the Politiques of Emotion" (1990), Cambridge University Press
- Menache, Sophia, "Love of God or Hatred of Your Enemy? The Emotional Voices of the Crusades", Mirabilia, 10, pp.1~20 (2010)
- Morinis, A., "Sacred Journeys : The Anthropology of Pilgrimage" (1992), Greenwood Press
- Morris, Ian, "Death-ritual and social structure in classical antiquity" (1994), Cambridge University Press
- Homer, "The Odyssey. Vol. 1" (1946), Harvard University Press
- Pausanias, "Description of Greece. Vols. 1-4" (1954), Heinemann
- Pavićević, A., "Time With or Without Death: Researching Death in Serbian Ethnology during the Second Half of the 20th Century", Bulletin of the Ethnographic Institute, 56(2), pp.23~35 (2008)
- Pavićević, A., "Day of Mourning and Time of Reminiscence: Death, Funeral and Reminiscence of Political Persons in Serbia in Socialist Era and Afterwards", Bulletin of the Ethnographic Institute, 57(1), pp.237~238 (2009)
- Plato, "The Laws. Vol. 2" (1952), Heinemann
- Plato, "The Republic. Vol. 1" (1953), Heinemann
- Plutarch, "Lives. Vol. 1: Theseus and Romulus; Lycurgus and Numa; Solon and Publicola" (1948), Harvard University Press
- Plutarch, "Moralia. Vols. 2 and 7" (1959), Harvard University Press
- Pomeroy, Sarah B, "Families in Classical and Hellenistic Greece : Representations and Realities" (1998), Clarendon Press
- Psychogiou, Elenē, "“Maurēgē” kai Elenē: Teletourgies Thanatou kai Anagennēsēs" (2008), Academy of Athens
- Robertson, Noel, "Festivals and Legends : The Formation of Greek Cities in the Light of Public Ritual" (1992), University of Toronto Press
- Schol. Ar, "Scholia Græca in Aristophanem" (1855), Ambrosio Firmin Didot
- Seremetakis, Constantina Nadia, "The Last Word : Women, Death, and Divination in Inner Mani" (1991), The University of Chicago Press
- Dittenberger, Wilhelm, "Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum. Vol. 3" (1960), Georg Olms
- Sophocles, "Vol. 1: Oedipus the king, Oedipus at Colonus, Antigone, Vol. 2: Ajax, Electra , Trachiniae, Philoctetes" (1951), Heinemann
- Sourvinou-Inwood, Christiane, "The Greek Renaissance of the Eight Century B.C.:Tradition and Innovation", pp.33~49 (1983), Svenska institutet i Athen
- Suter, Ann, "Lament Studies in the Ancient Mediterranean and Beyond" (2008), Oxford University Press
- Theoc, "Theocritus. Vol. 1" (1950), Cambridge University Press
- Thucydides, "History of the Peloponnesian War. Vol. 1" (1962), Harvard University Press
- van Gennep, Arnold, "Les rites de passage" (2011), Picard
- Vernant, Jean-Pierre, "L’individu, la mort, l’amour. Soi-meme et l’autre en Grèce ancienne" (1989), Gallimard
- Vernier, Bernard, "La Genèse sociale des Sentiments. Ainés et cadets dans l’ile grecque de Karpathos" (1991), Éditions de l’école des hautes études en science sociales
- Walcot, Peter, "Greek Peasants, Ancient and Modern : A comparison of Social and Moral Values" (1970), Barnes & Noble
- Walcot, Peter, "Plutarch on Women", Symbolae Osloenses, 74, pp.163~183 (1999)
- Winkler, John J., "The Constraints of Desire : The Anthropology of Sex and Gender in Ancient Greece" (1990), Routledge
