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Angioleiomyoma (Vascular Leiomyoma) in the Oral Cavity: A Case Report

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Leiomyomas are benign tumours of smooth muscle that are rare in the oral cavity. A 52-year-old woman presented with a slow-growing, painless swelling of the right upper lip, producing mild facial asymmetry and tenderness. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-defined hypervascular mass, and angiography identified a feeding vessel from the facial artery. Preoperative embolization was performed to minimise bleeding, followed by complete surgical excision under general anaesthesia. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination confirmed angioleiomyoma. The postoperative course was uneventful, and no recurrence was reported over 14 months of follow-up. This case highlights the importance of imaging and preoperative embolization in the safe management of hypervascular oral lesions.

Abstract

Leiomyomas are benign tumours of smooth muscle that are rare in the oral cavity. A 52-year-old woman presented with a slow-growing, painless swelling of the right upper lip, producing mild facial asymmetry and tenderness. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-defined hypervascular mass, and angiography identified a feeding vessel from the facial artery. Preoperative embolization was performed to minimise bleeding, followed by complete surgical excision under general anaesthesia. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination confirmed angioleiomyoma. The postoperative course was uneventful, and no recurrence was reported over 14 months of follow-up. This case highlights the importance of imaging and preoperative embolization in the safe management of hypervascular oral lesions.

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