遼南지역의 돌무지무덤연구

Abstract

This study aims to review the stone mound tombs in many ways around Lianan. Such stone mound tombs as Laotieshan, Sipingshan, Jiangjunshan, Tuotou, Tulongzi, Wangbaoshan, Gangshang, Wolongquan and Loushang are examined. The stone mound tombs of Lianan are placed in good grounds. Most of them are constructed in the foots or tops of mountains with nice sea views. The fact that the topographical forces around the stone mound tombs are considered in constructing them is closely related to the thought of nature worship. The stone mound tombs of Lianan have many grave pits in one graveyard. In Gangshang tombs, 16 grave pits spread like the ribs of a fan forming the grave pit of No. 7 as the base axis. Tulongzi stone mound tomb No. 4 has 7 grave pits and a stone wall around it. Such division is supposed to be related with the buried people, the nature of the community and the period of building the stone tomb. Cremation, joint burial, secondary burial, mass secondary burial and sacrificial burial are identified as a noticeable burial custom. Cremation is the most common among them. Tulongzi stone mound tomb No. 8 shows that dead bodies are cremated directly in the grave pit, which is compared to the pit-type dolmen in the south of Jilin. One of the revealed characteristics of the stone mound tombs is that many people are buried in one grave pit. For instance, there are 2∼23 individuals in Tuotou, and 22 individuals in Gangshang No. 19, and 13 individuals in Loushang No. 9. Diverse relics like bronzeware, earthenware, stoneware and personal ornaments are excavated in the stone mound tombs. It is noteworthy that many misongni-type potteries considered as the noticeable relics of Kojoson era are excavated in the stone mound tomb of Tuotou. The mould showing the making of bronzewares is found in the stone mound tomb of Gangshang and Wolongquan. This fact can be a good indicator of the status of the buried person.