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결절맥락막혈관병증에서 광역학요법과 항혈관내피세포성장인자 주입술 병합치료의 장기추적 관찰결과

Long-term Results of Reduced-fluence Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor for Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy

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목적: 결절맥락막혈관병증에서 절반에너지 광역학요법과 유리체강내 항혈관내피세포성장인자 주입술 병합치료의 장기적인 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 절반에너지 광역학요법과 유리체강내 항혈관내피세포성장인자 주입술 병합치료를 받은 결절맥락막혈관병증 환자들 중 경과관찰 기간이 24개월 이상인 경우를 대상으로 후향적 분석을 하였다. 광역학요법 치료 1주 전후로 유리체강내 anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF, 1.25 mg bevacizumab 또는 0.5 mg ranibizumab 또는 2.0 mg aflibercept) 주사를 시행하였으며, 6개월 이상 안정된 상태에서 다시 재발하거나 치료 후 6개월 이상 황반부종의 소실이 없을 경우, 인도시아닌그린조영술(indocyanine green angiography) 검사를 재시행하여 병합요법의 재치료 여부를 결정하였고, 빛간섭단층촬영(optical coherence tomography) 검사 후 필요시 anti-VEGF 단독 재치료를 시행하였다. 치료 전과 치료 후 최대교정시력, 중심황반두께를 조사하여 비교하였다. 결과: 대상안은 총 21명 22안으로, 평균최대교정시력은 치료 전 logMAR 0.75 (±0.51)에서 12개월째 logMAR 0.54 (±0.47) (p=0.009), 24개월째 logMAR 0.52 (±0.47) (p=0.032)로 유의한 시력 호전을 보였고, 평균 중심황반두께는 치료 전 409.8 (±140.6) μm 에서 12개월째 234.1 (±84.3) μm, 24개월째 245.9 (±116.9) μm로 유의한 감소 소견을 보였다(p<0.001, p=0.001, respectively). 이들 중 시력이 유지 또는 상승한 눈은 20안(90.9%)이었고, 치료 도중 시력이 감소되어 재치료 후에도 호전되지 않은 눈은 1안(4.5%)이었다. 결론: 결절맥락막혈관병증에서 절반에너지 광역학요법과 유리체강내 항혈관내피세포성장인자 주입술의 병합치료는 24개월까지 장기추적관찰 시에도 시력 유지 측면에서 치료효과가 지속적으로 유지됨을 확인하였다.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term effects of reduced-fluence photodynamic therapy (RF-PDT) combined with intravitreal anti- vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Methods: Twenty-two eyes of 21 patients with PCV that were followed up for more than 24 months after RF-PDT and anti-VEGF combination therapy were retrospectively reviewed. The patients received intravitreal anti-VEGF (bevacizumab 1.25 mg, ranibizumab 0.5 mg, or aflibercept 2.0 mg) within 7 days of PDT. Patients were retreated with either RF-PDT and anti-VEGF injection, or with only anti-VEGF injection, as indicated. The main outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT), which were measured before and after combination therapy. Results: During follow-up, the mean logMAR BCVA significantly improved from 0.75 at baseline to 0.54 at 12 months and 0.52 at 24 months (p = 0.009 and p = 0.032, respectively). The mean CFT significantly decreased from 409.8 μm at baseline to 234.1 μm at 12 months and 245.9 μm at 24 months (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). In 20 eyes (90.9%), the BCVA remained stable or improved. Conclusions: The efficacy of this combination therapy for 24 months resulted in stabilized vision and anatomical improvement. RF-PDT combined with intravitreal anti-VEGF injection could be an effective treatment modality for patients with PCV.

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