일본의 집회시위 참가인원 추산사례 연구 -추산방법 및 추산결과 공개에 대한 논의를 중심으로-

Abstract

The purpose of the police in estimating crowd size at assemblies and protests is to eliminate and prevent threatening factors in advance for public safety and order maintenance by ways of analysis and response. The difference between the police and assembly organizers estimation triggered the debate between the two sides due to the goal distinction. Thus, it made a more accurate calculation of crowd size and the disclosure of the estimation required by the public. This study aims to scrutinize the main reasons concerning the difference between the police and the assembly organizers calculation method and compare them with a Japanese case, including information disclosure of size. This study shows that Japan also has inevitable controversies on the estimation derived from the distinction between the police and protest organizers results. Moreover, protest organizer’s requirement of the information disclosure, including the results of the crowd size estimation made it clear that Japanese police don’t have any special regulations or manuals related to information release of estimations. As for the methodology, Japan uses the ‘density per grid’ model, also known as the ‘Jacobs method’, like Korea. The findings suggest that Korean police are required to improve the current method by excluding passersby and casual attendees in crowd size estimation, developing the IT program to fractionize the grids, drawing colored fluorescent lines on the ground to recognize lines even at night in major protests areas and utilizing panoramic photographing techniques, etc. in addition, since the controversy on the estimation of assembly crowd can also affect faith in policing by the public, police should raise the accuracy of counting and consider some controversial topics such as police officers’ information access authority, legality of rooftop photographing and drone use or aerial filming and politicized information etc.