유도된 불안이 신경성 폭식증 집단의 주의편향과 폭식행동에 미치는 영향
The Effects of Induced Anxiety on Selective Attentional Bias and Binge-Eating Behavior in Bulimia Nervosa
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본 연구는 유도된 불안 정서가 신경성 폭식증 집단의 인지적 편향과 폭식 행동에 미치는 영향을 실험적으로 검증하였다. 연구대상은 신경성 폭식증 검사와 DSM-Ⅳ 진단기준에 따라 선정된 신경성 폭식증 집단 30명과 정상 섭식 집단 30명이었다. 두 집단의 피험자들은 정서 처치 조건에 따라 불안 정서를 경험하는 집단과 중성 정서를 경험하는 집단으로 무선 할당되었다. 정서 처치 직후 피험자들은 주의편향을 알아내기 위한 탐침 과제를 개별적으로 수행하였다. 이 과제는 음식자극에 대한 주의편향을 알아보기 위해 제작된 것으로 화면에서 음식단어와 중성단어의 쌍이 제시된 뒤 곧바로 나오는 탐침 자극의 위치에 대해 가능한 한 빠르게 판단하여 해당 키를 누르는 과제이다. 이 절차가 끝난 후 정서 처치에 따른 음식 섭취량 차이를 알아보기 위해 피험자들은 다과가 준비된 방으로 들어가 당도평가 질문지를 작성하면서 음식을 섭취하였다. 연구 결과, 폭식 집단이 정상 통제 집단에 비해 주의편향 과제에서 음식자극에 대해 더 강한 주의편향을 보였고 더 많은 음식을 섭취하였다. 또한 정서 처치에 따라 폭식 집단과 정상 통제 집단은 주의편향과 음식 섭취량에 있어서 상이한 양상을 보였다. 즉, 폭식 집단은 불안을 경험하였을 때 음식자극에 대한 주의편향과 함께 음식 섭취량이 증가하고 중성 정서를 경험하였을 때 감소한 반면, 정상 통제 집단은 이와 상반된 결과를 보였다. 본 연구는 폭식 집단이 불안 정서를 경험할 경우 정상 섭식 집단과는 다른 인지적, 행동적 특성을 보인다는 것을 규명함으로써 폭식증 환자들의 폭식행동에서 정서의 중요성을 확인하고 이들의 치료에 대해 시사점을 제공하였다는데 의의가 있다.
Abstract
This study examined the effects of induced anxiety on cognitive bias and binge-eating behavior in BN through controlled experiments. Participants included 30 individuals who had been diagnosed as BN through the BULIT-R and DSM-IV and 30 individuals who were normal eaters free from eating problems. Subjects from both groups were randomly assigned into two affect conditions: anxiety or neutral affect. Each subjects completed dot probe detection tasks after the affect induction. That is, food-related word and neutral word pairs were presented on the screen, and soon after, participants were to recognize the location of dot probe and press the key that corresponded. After finishing the task, the participants were to enter a room with refreshments and while eating rice cake, complete the sweetness estimation questionnaire. The results showed that the binge-eating group exhibited statistically significant attentional bias to the food-related stimulus and ate more food than thenormal control group. Furthermore, there were some significant differences in attentional bias and food consumption according to the affect conditions between the two groups. The binge-eating group showed more attentional bias and food consumption when experiencing the anxiety affect as opposed to the neutral affect. The normal group showed opposite results. This study revealed that the binge-eating group had different cognitive and eating patterns than the normal eating group under the negative affect condition. These findings suggested the importance of the role of affect in binge-eating and potential implications for the intervention of BN.
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