의사결정 후 선택 또는 기각에 따른 지각적 판단의 변화 현상
Even Perceptual Judgments Change after Decision Making in Accordance with Subjective Choice
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의사결정 즉, 선택 혹은 기각으로 인하여 대상에 대한 선호가 변화하는 현상을 ‘선택 후 선호 변화(choice-induced preference change, CIPC)’라 한다. 한 선행 연구에 따르면 선호가 배제된 지각적 판단과 의사결정 시에도 선택으로 인한 판단 변화가 발생할 수 있으며, 이 현상을 ‘선택 후 판단 변화(choice-induced judgement change, CIJC)’라 한다. 이러한 현상은 현재까지 단 하나의 연구에서만 보고되었으므로, 본 연구는 점 집합 자극을 사용하여 선호를 더 확실하게 배제한 판단과 의사결정 과제를 이용하여 CIJC를 재확인하고자 하였다. 참가자들은 1차 평정 단계에서, 점 집합 자극을 보고 점들의 분포가 원형에 가까운 정도를 평정하였다. 그 후 선택 단계에서는, 1차 평정값이 유사한 두 개의 점 집합 쌍 중 점들의 분포가 더 원형에 가까운 집합을 선택하였다. 다음, 2차 평정 단계에서는 다시 한 번 각 집합에 대하여 점들의 분포가 얼마나 원형에 가까운지를 평정하였다. 실험 결과, 선택된 자극의 2차 평정값은 1차 평정에 비해 증가한 반면, 기각된 자극의 2차 평정 값은 1차 평정에 비해 변화하지 않았다. 본 연구를 통해, 선호를 배제한 지각적 판단과 의사결정 시에도 CIJC 현상이 나타남을 재확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구는, 의사결정 이후에 판단이 선택/기각 행위와 일치하는 방향으로 변화하는 현상이, (선호에 기반한 판단과 의사결정에만 국한되는 것이 아니라) 지각적 판단과 의사결정 맥락에서도 나타나는 더 보편적인 현상일 가능성을 시사한다.
Abstract
Choice-induced preference change (CIPC) is a widely known phenomenon in which preference changes after decision making (choosing/rejecting). Recently, one study reported that even perceptual judgments can change in accordance with one’s decision-making. This result raises the possibility that judgments in general, (not only those related to preference) can change after making a choice. Hence, the concept of CIPC may be conceived of as an instance of a more general phenomenon of choice-induced judgment change (CIJC). Given only one report of CIJC so far, the present study examined whether CIJC can be replicated using different methods, thereby testing the generalizability of CIJC. In the present study, participants first rated the degree to which the distribution of dots in an array were circular. Next, they were presented with a pair of dot arrays that had been rated similarly and were asked to choose the array with a more circular distribution of dots. Finally, participants once again rated the degree to which the distribution of dots in each array were circular. The results revealed that the ratings of chosen stimuli increased while those of rejected stimuli didn’t change, replicating the phenomenon of CIJC. Our findings support the idea that judgments in general, (not only preference-based, and even perceptual ones) change in accordance with one’s decision making.
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