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아시아 대학 수업 혁신 방안: 사고력 향상을 위한 글쓰기와 토론 중심 수업

Enhancing Asian University Education via Writing, Peer-Assessment, and Discussion

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본 연구는 아시아의 발전의 한 방법으로 교육, 특히 대학 수업 혁신을 제안하였다. 수업은 교육의 목표를 구체적으로 구현하는 활동임에도 대학 구성원 간에도 이에 대한 깊이 있는 논의가 이루어지지 않고 있다. 사회적 합의가 필요한 다른 교육관련 문제와는 달리, 대학이 독자적으로 바꿀 수 있는 부분이기도 하다. 이 글에서는 아시아 대학 수업의 문제를 과도하게지식 습득을 강조하는 데 있다고 보았다. 구체적으로 강의의 비중이 높고 지식의 양을 강조하는 평가가 널리 사용된다는것이다. 이에 대한 대안으로, 지식과 사고력의 균형을 추구하는 교육을 제안하였다. 이를 위한 수업 방법으로 문제 중심 학습, 플립 러닝, 그리고 미네르바 스쿨의 완전히 능동적인 학습을 검토하였고, 비용과 운영상의 문제 등으로 확장이 어렵다고 평가하였다. 이들 대신, 이들의 장점을 조합한 보다 실용적인 방법을 소개하였다. 소개된 방법에서는 글쓰기와 동료평가 그리고 토론이 강조된다. 결론에서는 더 많은 대안적 수업 방식 개발을 통해 아시아 대학 교육의 경쟁력 확보를 촉구하였다

Abstract

For Asia to experience greater progress, we focus on classroom reform at the college level. Although classes are activities that specifically implement the goals of education, there is no in-depth discussion about them even among university members. Unlike other education-related issues that require social consensus, this is something that universities can independently change. The problem with classes at Asian universities is that they have too much emphasis on acquiring knowledge only. As an alternative, we propose that there should be a balance between knowledge and thinking competence. Therefore, we review innovative pedagogy such as problem-based learning (PBL), flipped learning, and Minerva School's Fully Active Learning. However, there is little chance that they would scale up due to high cost and other challenges. This paper introduces a more practical yet innovative format that combines many of the strengths of the aforementioned instructional methods. This format utilizes writing, peer assessment, and discussion. The conclusion urges for a greater competitive edge in Asian universities by developing more innovative instructional methods.

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