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여론이 정부의 해외투자자본 수용 결정에 미치는 영향 - 인도네시아 사례를 중심으로

Public Opinion and the Government's Decision to Expropriate Foreign Investment Capital - Focusing on the Indonesian Case

박희경
한국동남아학회|2022.08|동남아시아연구 (The Southeast Asian Review)|제32권 제3호|pp. 185-237|DOI 10.21652/kaseas.32.3.202208.185

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참고문헌

키워드

수용여론public opinionexpropriation해외투자자본처칠마이닝Foreign investment capitalChurchill Mining
주제분류지역학

초록

정부가 해외투자자본의 재산권을 침해하는 결정은 이후의 투자 위축이나 경기 침체 혹은 사회적 불만을 야기할 수도 있음에도 정부는 이러한 결정을 내리기도 한다. 이 연구에서는 인도네시아 정부가 영국 처칠마이닝 광산기업을 직접수용한 사례를 중심으로 어떤 상황에서 정부가 그러한 결정을 내리게 되는지 살펴보고 그 과정에서 여론의 역할에 주목하였다. 해외투자자본은 지역경제와 직간접적으로 관계를 맺게 되므로 관련 여론의 형성에도 영향을 미칠 수 있기 때문이며, 정부 역시 수용결정을 하기 위해서는 그러한 여론을 고려해야 하기 때문이다. 이 글에서는 해외투자자본에 대한 부정적 여론이 강하게 형성된 경우 정부가 그 여론에 대응하기 위해 직접수용을 선택할 가능성이 높다고 주장하며, 동시에 그러한 해외투자자본 수용결정이 야기할 수 있는 문제로 인한 또 다른 부정적 여론에 대비해 수용 이후의 부정적 여론을 최소화할 수 있는 기업을 그 대상으로 할 것이라고 보았다. 처칠마이닝은 그러한 점에서 당시 인도네시아 정부의 직접수용 대상이 되기에 보다 적합했다고 할 수 있다.

Abstract

The government's decision to infringe on the property rights of foreign investment capital can cause subsequent investment contraction, economic stagnation and social dissatisfaction. Then why does the government make such a decision? In this paper, focusing on the case of the Indonesian government's direct expropriation of the British Churchill Mining company, it observes the circumstances under which the government expropriates foreign investment capital while paying attention to the role of public opinion. Since the foreign investment capital often has a large impact on the local economy, it must affect forming and strengthening the public opinion. Therefore, if negative public opinion on foreign investment capital is strong, the government is highly likely to choose expropriation regardless of political and economic considerations to respond to public opinion. However, considering that there is a possibility of bringing about other negative public opinion, the government will target companies that can minimize the negative public opinion caused by the expropriation. Churchill Mining was more suitable in that respect and the Indonesian government decided to expropriate it.

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