Anti-Imperialism and Pragmatism: Continuity and Change in North Korea’s Global Perception
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Over thirty years have passed since the ‘end of history’ was declared with the end of the Cold War, and currently, the world is seeing numerous discourses predicting changes in the world order. North Korea is also participating in this trend, advocating for a ‘new Cold War blocism.’ Against this backdrop, this study examines North Korea’s perception of foreign relations by dividing it into the eras of Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il, and Kim Jong Un, exploring the continuity and changes in each period. Over the past 70 years, North Korea has adhered to the principle of ‘anti-imperialism and self-reliance’ while also engaging in pragmatic diplomacy, adjusting its approach according to shifts in international dynamics. Recently, North Korea has shown signs of strengthening ties with Russia to revive a discourse on bloc diplomacy. However, considering that China has taken a clear stance against new Cold War blocism, there is room to question the sustainability of North Korea’s approach. Nevertheless, if North Korea’s attempt succeeds, it could bring about fundamental changes in the international order post-1945, with the Korean Peninsula potentially at the center of this shift.
Abstract
Over thirty years have passed since the ‘end of history’ was declared with the end of the Cold War, and currently, the world is seeing numerous discourses predicting changes in the world order. North Korea is also participating in this trend, advocating for a ‘new Cold War blocism.’ Against this backdrop, this study examines North Korea’s perception of foreign relations by dividing it into the eras of Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il, and Kim Jong Un, exploring the continuity and changes in each period. Over the past 70 years, North Korea has adhered to the principle of ‘anti-imperialism and self-reliance’ while also engaging in pragmatic diplomacy, adjusting its approach according to shifts in international dynamics. Recently, North Korea has shown signs of strengthening ties with Russia to revive a discourse on bloc diplomacy. However, considering that China has taken a clear stance against new Cold War blocism, there is room to question the sustainability of North Korea’s approach. Nevertheless, if North Korea’s attempt succeeds, it could bring about fundamental changes in the international order post-1945, with the Korean Peninsula potentially at the center of this shift.
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