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기억부하가 얼굴과 공간 작업기억의 유지에 미치는 효과: 사건유관 fMRI 연구

The Effect of Memory Load on Maintenance in Face and Spatial Working Memory: An Event-Related fMRI Study

박태진|강형근|정광우|이무석|김정희
한국인지과학회 (The Korean Society for Cognitive Science)|2010.06|인지과학 (Korean Journal of Cognitive Science)|제21권 제2호|pp. 359-386|DOI 10.19066/cogsci.2010.21.2.006

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참고문헌

키워드

spatial working memory유지maintenance공간작업기억비공간작업기억영역특수모형처리특수모형기억부하non-spatial working memorydomain-specific modelprocess-specific modelmemory load
주제분류인지과학

초록

본 연구는 공간작업기억과 비공간작업기억의 유지 처리에 대한 영역특수모형과 처리특수모형을 검증하고자 수행한 사건유관 fMRI 연구이다. 지연반응과제에서 얼굴자극을 표적자극으로 사용하고 표적자극의 수를 달리하여 기억부하를 조작하였으며 일정한 지연기간 후 위치 및 얼굴 재인판단을 요구하였는데, 지연 동안 정보유형(위치와 얼굴)이 기억부하효과의 신경상관물에 미치는 영향을 뇌영상 처리로 분석하였다. 독립변인은 정보유형(자극영역)과 기억부하(표적자극의 수)로서, 정보유형변인은 얼굴작업기억(비공간작업기억) 및 공간작업기억의 두 수준, 기억부하변인은 표적자극이 1개인 조건(저부하)과 3개인 조건(고부하)이었다. 행동수행 분석 결과, 재인정확도에 있어 얼굴작업기억과 공간작업기억 간에는 차이가 없었으며 두 작업기억 모두에서 동등한 정도의 기억부하효과가 확인되었다. 뇌 영상분석 결과, 유지단계에서 전전두피질의 하측 및 중/상측 영역이 모두 얼굴작업기억과 공간작업기억 양자와 관련되고 특히 VLPFC가 두 작업기억에 공통적으로 관련된다는 것이 밝혀졌는데, 이러한 결과는 처리성분에 따른 전전두피질의 기능적 전문화를 주장하는 처리특수모형에 더 잘 부합된다.

Abstract

In order to evaluate the domain-specific model and process-specific model of spatial and nonspatial working memory (WM), this study manipulated the memory load of the delayed response task and examined how the neural correlates of memory load effect was influenced by the stimulus domain (face and location) at the maintenance stage of WM using an event-related fMRI experiment. One or three face stimuli were presented as target stimuli and participants were asked to maintain the face itself (face WM) or the location of face stimuli (spatial WM). The results of recognition judgment accuracy showed no difference between face WM and spatial WM, and showed equivalent memory load effects of both WM. As a result of brian image analysis, memory load effect at maintenance stage showed that inferior, middle, and superior PFC were recruited by both face WM and spatial WM, and showed that VLPFC was the commonly activated area by both WM, supporting functional specialization of PFC by process components of WM. This study provides evidence for process-specific model in which maintenance of WM is associated with VLPFC.

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