세라믹 매트릭스 복합재료 연구 개발 동향 및 전망
Review of the Research and Development of Ceramic Matrix Composite Materials and Future Works
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초록
세라믹 기지 복합재료는 세라믹 기지에 고 용융 온도, 낮은 밀도, 고 탄성과 강도를 가진 탄화물, 질화물, 보론화물, 산화물 등의 강화재료를 끼워 넣어 파괴 인성을 높인 것이다. 이들 소재는 우주 비행체의 열 차폐 시스템,또 고온의 가스 터빈의 연소실, 터빈 블레이드, 고정자(Stator) 베인 등의 부품에 사용되며, 버너와 화염 유지기(Flameholder), 고온 가스 덕트에는 산화 CMC가 사용되고 있고, 극심한 열 충격이 일어나는 브레이크 디스크나 시스템의 부품, 그리고 슬라이드 베어링 부품에도 활용되고 있다. 이러한 CMC에 대한 연구 개발은 미국의 우주 비행체활용 목적을 비롯하여, 미국, 일본, 유럽에서의 초고속항공기와 가스 터빈용, 그리고 핵 융합용 등의 목적으로 국방과 에너지 산업과 같은 전략적 분야의 활용을 목표로 개발되고 있다.
Abstract
Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) consist of such reinforcements as carbides, nitrides, borides andoxides, which have high melting points, low density, high modulus and high strength, for the purpose of increasingtoughness. These materials are used for heat shielding systems for aerospace vehicles, high-temperature gas turbinecombustion chambers, turbine blades, stator vane parts, etc. Oxide CMCs are used for the components of burner andflame holder and the high-temperature gas duct. CMCs are also applied to brake disks, which are subjected to severethermal shock, and slide bearing parts under heavy loads. The research and development of the CMC are progressedfor the strategic purpose in defense and energy industry; for instance, for aerospace applications in the U.S., and forhyper-speed aircraft, gas turbines, and atomic fissions in U.S., Japan, and Europe.
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