Cultural Tunneling Effect: Conceptual adoption & Application in movie industry
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Many researchers have analyzed the relationship between the financial success patterns of a motionpicture and many other factors, such as the production cost, marketing, stars, awards, reviews, genre,and rating. Through these studies, many researchers and investors concluded that big budgets tomake a blockbuster movie can serve as an insurance policy to meet their ROI; thus the box office isdominated by blockbuster movies. High-budget blockbuster movies are more likely to receive attentionbecause these movies are more recognizable given their high expenses for production and casting. Therefore, audiences choose blockbusters in an effort to reduce the searching cost and to mitigate thepossibility of a regrettable choice. This behavior of consumers, in turn, causes distributors to allocatescreens for blockbusters, resulting in “concentration of blockbuster consumption.” As such, low-budgetfilms cannot easily become popular due to the lack of distribution. Indeed, low-budget films releasedon a small number of screens often end up becoming dismal failures. However, there are exceptionalexamples which are contrary to the general idea in the movie industry that a big budget and showingson a large number of screens can guarantee the success of a movie. Although researchers have attempted to analyze the performances of movies with small budgets,such movies are likely to be regarded as outliers and then be entirely discarded, as they are far fromthe ‘three-sigma’ range, especially given that previous research methodologies could not explain thefinancial success of such unique examples. This study attempts to explain the financial success at thebox office of low-budget movies by applying the concept of the tunnel effect in quantum mechanics,as the phenomenon found in the movie industry is similar to a particle’s movement in quantum physics. The tunneling effect is a phenomenon by which a particle without enough energy to pass over apotential barrier tunnels through it. Adopting the analogy, this study draws a tunneling probabilityfunction and cultural constant to forecast other outliers using the Schrödinger equation. Moreover, thestudy finds that word-of-mouth creates in the movie industry this phenomenon of finding outliers.
Abstract
Many researchers have analyzed the relationship between the financial success patterns of a motionpicture and many other factors, such as the production cost, marketing, stars, awards, reviews, genre,and rating. Through these studies, many researchers and investors concluded that big budgets tomake a blockbuster movie can serve as an insurance policy to meet their ROI; thus the box office isdominated by blockbuster movies. High-budget blockbuster movies are more likely to receive attentionbecause these movies are more recognizable given their high expenses for production and casting. Therefore, audiences choose blockbusters in an effort to reduce the searching cost and to mitigate thepossibility of a regrettable choice. This behavior of consumers, in turn, causes distributors to allocatescreens for blockbusters, resulting in “concentration of blockbuster consumption.” As such, low-budgetfilms cannot easily become popular due to the lack of distribution. Indeed, low-budget films releasedon a small number of screens often end up becoming dismal failures. However, there are exceptionalexamples which are contrary to the general idea in the movie industry that a big budget and showingson a large number of screens can guarantee the success of a movie. Although researchers have attempted to analyze the performances of movies with small budgets,such movies are likely to be regarded as outliers and then be entirely discarded, as they are far fromthe ‘three-sigma’ range, especially given that previous research methodologies could not explain thefinancial success of such unique examples. This study attempts to explain the financial success at thebox office of low-budget movies by applying the concept of the tunnel effect in quantum mechanics,as the phenomenon found in the movie industry is similar to a particle’s movement in quantum physics. The tunneling effect is a phenomenon by which a particle without enough energy to pass over apotential barrier tunnels through it. Adopting the analogy, this study draws a tunneling probabilityfunction and cultural constant to forecast other outliers using the Schrödinger equation. Moreover, thestudy finds that word-of-mouth creates in the movie industry this phenomenon of finding outliers.
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