RCP 8.5 시나리오에 따른 미래 고온조건 하에서 감자 개화시기 변화 연구
Study on Changes in Flowering Time of Potatoes under Future High-temperature Conditions based on RCP 8.5 Scenario in Future
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초록
최근 지구온난화를 동반한 기후변화가 가속화되고 있으며, RCP 8.5 시나리오에 따르면 21세기 말까지 연평균 기온은 4.8℃ 상승할 것으로 예상된다. 고온 환경은 식물체의 생장, 개화시기, 동화산물 함량에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려졌다. 본 연구는 고온 환경에서 감자의 생장과 대사산물 변화를 Soil-Plant-Atmosphere-Research (SPAR) 챔버와 온도구배하우스를 사용하여 2018년부터 2020년까지 조사하였다. 그 결과, 고온 조건의 SPAR 챔버 및 온도구배하우스에서 개화시기가 약 5∼9일 빨라지는 것을 확인하였다. 고온 조건은 감자 생장을 촉진하며 동화산물 함량에 영향을 줄 것으로 생각되어 개화 3일 전(Days Before Flowering 3, DBF 3)과 개화 21일 후(Days After Flowering 21, DAF 21)의 엽록소, 카로티노이드, 당 및 전분 함량을 분석하였다. 생육 초기인 DBF 3에 엽록소와 카로티노이드 함량은 감소하였고, 자당 및 전분 함량은 유의하게 증가하였다. 하지만 생육 후기인 DAF 21에는 자당 및 전분 함량이 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 개화와 관련 있는 유전자 발현을 qRT-PCR로 분석한 결과, 고온 조건에서 SP6A, PhyB, SP5G, COL1, COL2 유전자 발현이 증가한 것을 확인하였다. 결과적으로, 고온 환경은 개화 전 감자 잎의 자당 및 전분 함량과 개화 관련 유전자의 발현에 영향을 미쳐 감자의 개화시기를 앞당기는 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
Recently, climate change accompanied by global warming has been continuously accelerated. According to the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) Scenario 8.5 of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, annual mean temperature is projected to increase by 4.8℃ by the end of 21st century. High temperature affects growth, flowering time, and photoassimilate contents. In this study, the effects of elevated temperature on growth and metabolite of potato were investigated using Soil-Plant-Atmosphere-Research (SPAR) chambers and Temperature Gradient Field Chambers (TGFC) from 2018 to 2020. As the result, the flowering initiation time was accelerated about 5∼9 days under the elevated temperature at the SPAR and TGFC. It was expected to promote early growth and affect to photoassimilate contents. Therefore, contents of chlorophyll, carotenoid, soluble sugar and starch were analyzed at the Days Before Flowering (DBF) 3 and Days After Flowering (DAF) 21. The contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid are decreased at DBF 3 as the early growth phase. The contents of sucrose and starch are increased significantly at DBF 3 but are decreased at DAF 21. In addition, the expression of genes related flowering were analyzed with qRT-PCR. The expression levels of SP6A, PhyB, SP5G, COL1 and COL2 were up-regulated under the elevated temperature. Consequently, elevated temperature is considered to influence the sucrose and starch content in potato leaves before flowering, as well as the expression of flowering-related genes, thereby accelerating the flowering time of potatoes.
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