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엘리자베스 비숍 시에 나타난물의 이미지와 상상력

Images and Imagination of Water in the Poetry of Elizabeth Bishop

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Throughout her entire life, Elizabeth Bishop constantly reveals her preferences for writing poems full of images and motifs of water. Bishop’s poems often suggest elusive meanings like the dual properties of water which shows the difference between the surface and depth at the same time. Particularly, it is worthwhile to note Bishop’s third book of poems entitled Questions of Travel. This book includes a number of poems about recognizable water images from Nova Scotia to Brazil where the poet spent precious periods in her life. Images of water in a lot of her poems set in North America are described as dry and barren landscapes due to her sense of homelessness derived from the loss of her parents in her early childhood. This is best exemplified in her expression of “the water doesn’t wet anything.” However, it is important that Bishop’s maternal desire is latent under the surface of her poems on the loss of maternity. Her maternal imagination linked to the water images is most manifested in her poems on the “Brazil” section of Questions of Travel. Moreover, a series of poems with images of water devoid of fluidity and maternity set in Nova Scotia allude to Bishop’s latent maternity. Bishop’s water images lurking in maternal desire act as a source to dissolve the dichotomous thinking originated from Western Chauvinism.

Abstract

Throughout her entire life, Elizabeth Bishop constantly reveals her preferences for writing poems full of images and motifs of water. Bishop’s poems often suggest elusive meanings like the dual properties of water which shows the difference between the surface and depth at the same time. Particularly, it is worthwhile to note Bishop’s third book of poems entitled Questions of Travel. This book includes a number of poems about recognizable water images from Nova Scotia to Brazil where the poet spent precious periods in her life. Images of water in a lot of her poems set in North America are described as dry and barren landscapes due to her sense of homelessness derived from the loss of her parents in her early childhood. This is best exemplified in her expression of “the water doesn’t wet anything.” However, it is important that Bishop’s maternal desire is latent under the surface of her poems on the loss of maternity. Her maternal imagination linked to the water images is most manifested in her poems on the “Brazil” section of Questions of Travel. Moreover, a series of poems with images of water devoid of fluidity and maternity set in Nova Scotia allude to Bishop’s latent maternity. Bishop’s water images lurking in maternal desire act as a source to dissolve the dichotomous thinking originated from Western Chauvinism.

참고문헌 (19)

  1. 양승호, "엘리자벳 비숍의 장소의 시학", 현대영미시연구, 13(2), pp.67~92 (2007), 한국현대영미시학회
  2. Bachelard, Gaston., "Water and Dreams: An Essay on the Imagination of Matter" (1983), Pegasus Foundation
  3. Bishop, Elizabeth., "The Complete Poems 1927-1979" (1980), Farrar, Straus and Giroux
  4. Bishop, Elizabeth., "Gerald Manley Hopkins", Vassar Review, 23, pp.5~7 (1934)
  5. Bishop, Elizabeth., "One Art: Letters" (1994), Farrar Straus Giroux
  6. Bishop, Elizabeth., "Poems, Prose, and Letters", The Library of America (2008)
  7. Bishop, Elizabeth., "Words in Air: The Complete Correspondence between Elizabeth Bishop and Robert Lowell" (1994), Farrar, Straus and Giroux
  8. Boschman, Robert., "In the Way of Nature: Ecology and Westward Expansion in the Poetry of Anne Bradstreet, Elizabeth Bishop and Amy Clampitt" (2009), McFarland
  9. Brown, Ashley., "Elizabeth Bishop and Her Art", pp.282~302 (1983), U of Michigan P
  10. Dodson, Katrina Kim., "Traveling Properties: the Disorienting Language & Landscapes of Elizabeth Bishop in Brazil", pp.2015
  11. Eisler, Riane., "The Chalice and the Blade: Our History, Our Future" (1988), HarperCollins
  12. Goldensohn, Lorrie., "Elizabeth Bishop: The Biography of a Poetry" (1992), Columbia UP
  13. Hicok, Bethany., "Elizabeth Bishop’s Brazil" (2016), U of Virginia P
  14. Huang, Iris Shu-O., "Landscapes, Animals and Human Beings:Elizabeth Bishop’s Poetry and Ecocentrism", Intergrams, 10.2-11.1, pp.1~24 (2010)
  15. Kalstone, David., "Becoming a Poet: Elizabeth Bishop with Marianne Moore and Robert Lowell" (1989), Farrar
  16. Martins, Maria, "Brazil In the Poetry of Elizabeth Bishop: A ‘Dazzling Dialectic’", pp.1992
  17. Samuels, Peggy., "Deep Skin: Elizabeth Bishop and Visual Art" (2010), Cornell UP
  18. Trivisano, Thomas J., "Elizabeth Bishop: Her Artistic Development" (1989), UP of Virginia
  19. Wallace, Patricia., "Erasing the Maternal: Rereading Elizabeth Bishop", The Iowa Review, 22(2), pp.82~103 (1992)

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