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콘택트렌즈와 관련된 세균각막염의 분석: 원인 균주, 임상 양상 및 예후 인자

Analysis of Inpatients with Contact Lens Related Bacterial Keratitis: Causative Microorganisms, Clinical Aspects, and Prognostic Factors

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목적: 콘택트렌즈와 관련된 세균각막염의 원인균주, 임상양상 및 예후인자에 대해서 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 1998년에서 2011년까지 영남대학교병원 안과에서 콘택트렌즈와 관련된 세균각막염으로 입원치료를 하였던 73안의 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결과: 20대 여성(35/73안, 47.9%)이 가장 많았고, 66.7% (30/45안)가 매일착용렌즈를 사용하고 있었으며, 수면시 렌즈착용(30안,41.1%)이 가장 많은 원인이었다. 배양 양성률은 53.4%였고, 그 중 그람음성균이 91.6%였다. Pseudomonas spp. (39.6%)와 Serratia spp. (29.2%)가 가장 많은 균이었다. 중심부(67.1%), 크기 5 mm2 미만(74.0%)의 각막병변이 많았고, 전방축농은 11%에서 동반되었다. 평균 logMAR 교정시력은 초진시 0.93에서 최종 0.25로 호전되었다(p<0.001). 최종 교정시력 0.3 이하인 경우는 16.4%로, 초진 교정시력 0.1 미만(p=0.005)인 경우가 시력호전불량 위험인자로 나타났다. 결론: 콘택트렌즈와 관련된 세균각막염에서 초진시 교정시력 0.1 미만, 각막병변 크기 5 mm2 이상, 각막상피 재생기간 10일 이상, 각막중심부에 병변이 생길 때 시력예후가 나빴다.

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate causative microorganisms, clinical characteristics, and prognostic factors for inpatients with contact lens related bacterial keratitis. Methods: Seventy-three eyes of inpatients with contact lens related bacterial keratitis and hospitalized at Yeungnam University Hospital between January 1998 and December 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Their bacteriological profiles and clinical characteristics were evaluated. Results: Females in their 20s (35/73 eyes, 47.9%) were the most common gender and age group. Thirty eyes (30/45 eyes,66.7%) used daily-wear soft contact lenses. The most common predisposing factor was sleeping while wearing contact lenses (30 eyes, 41.1%). Positive culture rate was 53.4%. The ratio of gram-positive and -negative bacteria was 8.3%:91.6%. The most commonly-isolated microorganisms were Pseudomonas spp. (39.6%), followed by Serratia spp. (29.2%). The characteristics of the corneal lesions were: a central lesion in 49 eyes (67.1%), a lesion less than 5 mm2 in size in 54 eyes (74.0%), and hypopyon in 8 eyes (11.0%). The mean log MAR BCVA improved from 0.93 ± 0.88 on the initial visit to 0.25 ± 0.48 on the final visit. Twelve eyes (16.4%) had a BCVA of 0.3 or less after remission medical treatment. A BCVA less than 0.1 on the initial visit was a significant risk factor for poor visual outcome (p = 0.005) after remission medical treatment. Conclusions: BCVA less than 0.1 on the initial visit, epithelial defect sized over 5 mm2, epithelial healing time over 10 days,and central corneal lesion were associated with poor visual outcome after remission medical treatment in contact lens related bacterial keratitis.

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