The Effects of Solution-Focused Counseling on Sports Performance Strategies and Perceived Performance in Golfers Experiencing Yips
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This study examined the effectiveness of a solution-focused counseling program on sports performance strategies and perceived performance in a youth elite golfer experiencing driver yips. A single-case design was employed with a youth golfer who had experienced prolonged driver yips-related performance decline. A structured, multi-session counseling program based on De Shazer and Berg's solution-focused brief therapy model and adapted for golf yips characteristics was implemented. The program consisted of five stages: establishing collaborative relationships, goal setting, exploring solutions, building solutions, and maintenance and reinforcement. The Test of Performance Strategies and Perceived Performance Questionnaire were administered to measure changes from baseline to post-intervention, with qualitative data collected through session interviews and analyzed through expert consensus for integrated analysis. Consistent improvements were observed across all subfactors of sports performance strategies, with continuous enhancement confirmed in all domains of perceived performance. Qualitative analysis revealed the participant's transition from negative to positive self-talk, a paradigmatic shift from problem-focused to solution-focused thinking, confidence recovery through strengths recognition and utilization, and enhanced pressure management through personalized pre-shot routine development. Evidence of performance recovery was observed in competitive settings, although occasional driver-related anxiety partially persisted. The solution-focused counseling program was associated with improvements in psychological skills and perceived performance in a youth golfer experiencing driver yips, providing preliminary support for its utility as a practical intervention. Given the limitations of single-case design, future research should employ multiple-baseline or controlled group designs and include longitudinal follow-up investigations.
Abstract
This study examined the effectiveness of a solution-focused counseling program on sports performance strategies and perceived performance in a youth elite golfer experiencing driver yips. A single-case design was employed with a youth golfer who had experienced prolonged driver yips-related performance decline. A structured, multi-session counseling program based on De Shazer and Berg's solution-focused brief therapy model and adapted for golf yips characteristics was implemented. The program consisted of five stages: establishing collaborative relationships, goal setting, exploring solutions, building solutions, and maintenance and reinforcement. The Test of Performance Strategies and Perceived Performance Questionnaire were administered to measure changes from baseline to post-intervention, with qualitative data collected through session interviews and analyzed through expert consensus for integrated analysis. Consistent improvements were observed across all subfactors of sports performance strategies, with continuous enhancement confirmed in all domains of perceived performance. Qualitative analysis revealed the participant's transition from negative to positive self-talk, a paradigmatic shift from problem-focused to solution-focused thinking, confidence recovery through strengths recognition and utilization, and enhanced pressure management through personalized pre-shot routine development. Evidence of performance recovery was observed in competitive settings, although occasional driver-related anxiety partially persisted. The solution-focused counseling program was associated with improvements in psychological skills and perceived performance in a youth golfer experiencing driver yips, providing preliminary support for its utility as a practical intervention. Given the limitations of single-case design, future research should employ multiple-baseline or controlled group designs and include longitudinal follow-up investigations.